Health and safety volunteer volunteer volunteer roles

Our Second Home is a youth movement that empowers migrants and refugees to flourish in the place that they call home. Our overnight activity camp for young people aged 14-18 is a chance for young people to come together and have five days of fun and excitement, supported by a dynamic and dedicated team of leaders and staff.

An OSH Leader is a supportive adult, a role model, and someone young people can feel safe being themselves around. It’s about creating a warm, fun, and consistent presence during residentials — helping young people with refugee and migrant backgrounds feel welcomed, included, and at home.

Youth Leaders for this project will be responsible for facilitating the camp, and will be directly in contact with, and responsible for, the participants. During the camp they will be ‘on duty’ full-time, meaning that they will spend the whole time with the participants, including at meals.

THIS ROLE IS ONLY FOR PEOPLE LIVING IN THE UK. We will arrange Zoom interviews with applicants separately.

Responsibilities:

• Interacting and forming a bond with the participants
• Creating and running fun and engaging activities for the participants
• Looking after the participants’ welfare, and ensuring that they feel cared for and secure
• Managing the participants’ behaviour and setting clear boundaries

Expectations and requirements:

• All applicants must be interviewed and be willing to provide references on request.
• Youth Leaders must set a positive example of behaviour and involvement for all participants, and adhere to the volunteer guidelines.
• Youth Leaders may be required to prepare activities for participants at the camp. If asked, this must be completed in plenty of time to allow any materials or equipment to be sourced.
• Applicants should be aged 20 or above.
• Applicants must be eligible for DBS clearance (no criminal record that prevents applicants from working with children)
• Youth Leaders must raise any safeguarding concerns swiftly and follow safeguarding procedures
• Youth Leaders must follow all Our Second Home policies and procedures of (which will be explained at the Camp training days).
• Anyone attending an OSH residential must test negative for COVID-19 prior to attending the programme, regardless of whether they have received a vaccine or not.

Essential skills:

• Flexibility, adaptability and ability to improvise
• Ability to build connection quickly with peers and young people
• Ability to work in a team and communicate effectively
• High level of organisation
• High levels of empathy and patience
• Awareness and sensitivity that some participants might be suffering from trauma

Additional desired skills:

• Experience working with and/or caring for young people aged 14-18
• Experience working with refugees and/or asylum seekers
• Experience working with young people with special educational needs and/or disabilities
• Language skills: Arabic, Dari, Pashto, Tigrinya, Somali
• First Aid training
• Creative or artistic abilities
• Sports leadership
• Ability to prepare fun and engaging activities for young people

We particularly encourage applications from those who have lived experience of being a refugee.

Please ensure you are available to come to all the following events - specific dates can be found on the application form:

• Training
• Pre-Residential Prep Day (on site)
• Residential, in full
• Feedback & thank you afternoon

QUOTES:

• “Having the professional [welfare] support made me feel very support and more comfortable with the work” – BT
• “The atmosphere of fun, respect, care, and community is what made the young people so comfortable and connected” – BT
• “The leaders were all awesome – it was incredible to work in a team so full of hard working, intelligent, experienced people” – BT
• “Seeing the kids bursting out of their shells and that being the norm rather than just exceptions was just incredible.” – CA
• “It honestly surpassed anything I could have hoped for” – LK

Structure:

Youth Leaders will be supported by the Welfare Support Lead(s), who will be their main contact in the build to and throughout the camp. The Welfare Support Lead(s) will run team meetings at the end of each day and be on hand to advise and manage the Youth Leaders.

At St John Ambulance, we are looking to develop our volunteering offer and become an even more integral part of our communities through delivering community first aid and education. 

We need people who have a passion for helping others, care about their communities and want to make a difference. Through volunteering as an Emergency Responder, you’ll get a huge sense of satisfaction and pride delivering essential first aid and lifesaving clinical care at community and major events in your areas, including at sporting events, concerts, community festivals.

We will make sure you will have access to a proper induction to volunteering with SJA and the training you need for the role you take on. We will also provide you with a supportive environment while you are volunteering with us. Information about our volunteer roles are included in the role descriptions. What you can expect from SJA, and what we expect from those who volunteer with us, is included in the volunteer charter.

Requirement for training course to be undertaken and regular attendance at training evenings. These will be held at Preston, Lancaster and Kirkham.

Training meetings take place on a Monday evening.

Selection will be through interview. Following successful interview volunteer will undergo right to volunteer checks, health questionnaire and DBS.

Welcome events will be on Monday evenings. Inductions will take place at the same time.

Level 3 qualification awarded, requiring 6 days face to face training plus e-learning.

Closing date for these opportunities is: 30/06/2026

To apply for this opportunity please follow the link below:

Do you have a passion for cooking or interest in working in a kitchen environment? If so, you might be the perfect fit for our kitchen volunteer position at the hospice.

Good food is central to the care we provide, from catering for specialist dietary needs in the everyday, to special occasions such as our annual memorial event.

The kitchen is situated immediately off the main lounge, the central hub of the Hospice, where families come together to eat breakfast, lunch and dinner prepared by our talented head chef and his team.

For our children and their families, mealtimes provide comfort, a sense of normality and a chance to socialize. Without the stress of shopping, planning and clearing up - we take the pressure off.

Considerations:

Age requirement: 18+

Time commitment: Thursday, Friday and Sunday

.Location: This role will be based at the Tŷ Hafan Hospice in Sully assisting the kitchen staff. The kitchen is situated immediately off the lounge, the central hub of the Hospice, where families come together to eat breakfast, lunch and dinner prepared by our talented head chef and the team.

Activities you could be involved in:  

• Keeping the dining area neat and tidy by clearing away plates and crockery

• Help with food preparation

• For experienced chefs and bakers, there is an opportunity to get involved in cooking meals and baking goods

• Wash dishes and utensils with kitchen equipment

• Serve tea/coffee and food with a smile

• Chat with staff, families and children and make them feel welcome

 At Tŷ Hafan our people values are working together, demonstrating compassion, providing excellent service and taking ownership. We expect all colleagues and volunteers to behave with high levels of integrity and to represent our values as a core part of their role. 

What skills will you need?

• Ability to work as part of a team

• Ability to follow procedures and health and safety requirements

• Physical strength to lift, carry and stand for long periods of time

• Knowledge of Health and Safety and Food Hygiene Procedures

• Inclusive and non-judgmental attitude towards families, volunteers, staff and visitors

Here's what you can expect from our training:

• You will receive a comprehensive induction

• You will learn about health and safety in the kitchen

• You will have the opportunity to earn your food hygiene certificate

• You will work with friendly and supportive kitchen staff and volunteers

• Opportunities to complete relevant e-learning

Benefits of becoming a Kitchen Volunteer

• You can make a positive difference in the lives of children and their families by providing them with nutritious and delicious meals

• You can learn new skills and gain valuable experience in food preparation, service and safety

• You can meet new people and join a community of compassionate and dedicated volunteers who share your passion for cooking and helping others

• You can enjoy the satisfaction of knowing you are contributing to a meaningful cause

• You can express your creativity and personality through your cooking and baking

• You will receive feedback and appreciation from hospice staff and guests

We will ask you to provide us with the details of two referees and an Enhanced DBS check is required for this role. Tŷ Hafan will cover the costs of any background checks and we will contact you with details on completing a DBS, once your application is successful.

We can't wait to welcome you to the team!

This role is purely voluntary and this arrangement is not meant to be a legally binding one or an employment contract.

We're looking for volunteers to assist with the day to day running of our shops located across north east Essex. Volunteer vacancies are available in various shop locations.

Duties of the role include the following:

(Note - Not all the tasks apply to every shop and will be dependent on which shop; type of tasks required for that area and your level of experience)

• Customer service
• Operating till & cash handling
• Signing customers up to Gift Aid scheme & inputting gift aid data if required
• Preparing donated goods for sale
• Ensuring recyclable goods are put in appropriate place
• Pricing as outlined by the shop manager
• Display and merchandising (may include transferring items from one display to another)
• Stock control
• Sorting donated goods (this may include lifting or moving moderately heavy items such as sacks of donated clothes or boxes containing books in some areas)
• Light cleaning duties and using an iron or steamer to press donated clothes

For coffee shops only:

• Operating coffee machines, serving customers and clearing and wiping down tables
• Ensure good food hygiene, health and safety and fire regulations are adhered to at all times

Training & supervision

• All required training, including till operation, gift aid and health & safety will be provided.
• For coffee shops you will be required to undertake online food hygiene training courses.

Knowledge & experience required

• Some customer service experience would be advantageous
• Ability to remain calm while listening to a customer complaint
• Ability to handle cash
• Excellent communication skills
• Previous experience of working or volunteering in a retail environment desirable
• Ability to use electronic tills and devices
• Friendly and approachable manner

Personal attributes

• Passionate about St Helena
• Attention to detail
• Comfortable handling cash
• Excellent communication skills
• Personable and approachable
• Reliable, trustworthy and flexible to meet the demands of the business
• Team player with a friendly outlook

At WWT we shape unforgettable experiences.  At heart we are warm, welcoming and genuine.  In our Waterside Cafe we do this by offering a delicious selection of home cooked food and chilled drinks, served and assisted by our friendly team of staff and volunteers.  

We are looking for volunteers who can support our team in the Waterside Cafe and ensure we offer excellent customer service to our visitors.

Working alongside the Kitchen Manager and catering team to provide an inviting and relaxing environment in between gorgeous walks and beautiful sights. 

Volunteers are an essential part of the WWT team. You'll get a warm welcome, including information on training, equipment and anything else you need. 

About You

To carry out this role, you will need:

• Good verbal communication skills
• Some understanding around H&S within a catering environment 
• To enjoy working as part of a team
• Good general fitness as this role involves spending periods of time on your feet and may involve lifting
• To be reliable and committed to the role and the team
• An interest in and enthusiasm for the work of WWT

About Us

We’re WWT, and we’re on a mission to restore the super-powered ecosystems we call wetlands. There’s never been a more important moment for our work, and we’ve got some phenomenal people on the case.

Whether they’re taking a new visitor under their wing, or conducting ground-breaking research further afield, our team are second to none. And there’s nothing we love more than watching them soar.

Whatever you do here, you’ll be helping to restore wetlands and unlock their power. So, the only question left is, what role will you play?

Why you'll love volunteering at WWT

• Feel good knowing you are helping to restore wetlands, and our world
• Be surrounded and inspired by like-minded wetland lovers
• Hear from the people who inject their energy, passion and expertise into wetlands and wildlife - talks, walks, webinars, tea and cake...
• Free entry to all our wetland centres, including your family
• Volunteer discount on shopping and memberships
• Access to webinars and practical information to help you manage daily life

Community and Fundraising Volunteers play a vital role in raising funds and awareness to support mums experiencing perinatal mental health challenges. This is a friendly, hands-on role where you’ll help plan, prepare, and deliver fundraising and community engagement activities. From supporting events and running stalls to chatting with supporters and sharing information about MumsAid’s services, you’ll be an important part of a welcoming and supportive team. 

No previous experience is required — just enthusiasm, reliability, and a genuine desire to support mums and their families. 

What will you be doing? 

• Supporting the planning and delivery of fundraising and community events, such as charity stalls, coffee mornings, sponsored activities, and awareness days. 

• Helping to create a lively, positive, and welcoming atmosphere at MumsAid events. 

• Engaging with members of the public, supporters, and participants, celebrating their involvement and encouraging donations. 

• Talking to people about MumsAid’s work and signposting to support where appropriate. 

• Assisting with event set-up and pack-down to ensure everything runs smoothly. 

• Handling cash and card donations responsibly, in line with MumsAid procedures. 

• Helping to raise awareness of perinatal mental health and the importance of early support. 

• Being part of a team that helps make MumsAid events inspiring, inclusive, and memorable. 

• Following MumsAid’s policies and procedures, including health and safety and safeguarding, to ensure events run smoothly. 

What skills and qualities can you bring? 

• Warm, welcoming, and friendly personality. 

• Enthusiastic and positive, with a willingness to get involved and encourage others. 

• Comfortable chatting with people from a range of backgrounds. 

• Able to work as part of a team and follow guidance from staff. 

• Reliable, punctual, and committed to agreed volunteer shifts. 

• Comfortable being outdoors in all weathers when required. 

• Able to stand for several hours or bring something to sit on if needed. 

• Able to travel independently to event locations. 

• Supportive of equality, diversity, and inclusion, and respectful of confidentiality and boundaries. 

What is in it for me? 

• Join a friendly, welcoming, and supportive volunteer team. 

• Be part of a community-focused charity making a real difference for mums and families. 

• Access to guidance and any relevant training to help you feel confident in your role. 

• Gain experience in volunteering, events, and fundraising. 

• Receive clear communication and support from the MumsAid fundraising and events team, including event details and meeting points. 

• Volunteer t-shirt and any event materials provided. 

• Reimbursement of pre-agreed travel expenses (with receipts). 

Bring your energy, positivity, and enthusiasm to MumsAid’s Community and Fundraising Team and help make a meaningful difference for mums and families in your community. Your support truly matters.

Can you help deliver great customer service for a few hours a week in our Keswick shop? 

We need help for between 2 and 4 hours on any day of the week (excluding Sundays) that suits you. Join our friendly volunteer team and help make a real difference to children's lives. 

What will I be doing?  

• Serving customers in a helpful and friendly way 

• Using the till to make sales 

• Telling customers about gift aid to help us raise more funds 

• Restocking the shelves and making the shop floor look attractive and inviting 

• Upholding the inclusive values of The Children’s Society 

What will I get? 

• Full training - no previous experience required 

• Free tea, coffee and biscuits 

• A reference

• Reimbursement of reasonable travel expenses

• Free confidential counselling helpline available 

You don't need any previous experience to volunteer in our shops, but you will need to be: 

• Supportive, polite and helpful to customers, other volunteers and staff 

• Reliable and punctual 

• Able to volunteer as part of a team 

• Able to follow pricing guidelines and health and safety practice (training will be provided)

• Willing to support the work and policies of The Children’s Society and its values

What's next? 

If you are interested in becoming a volunteer in our shops, we will ask you to take part in a trial shift so you can find out more about the role and we can find out more about you.

We will then ask we will ask for you to complete a short information form, including providing at least two references covering the last two years. 

Do you want to help the youth of today become the lifesavers of tomorrow? We're on a mission to teach young people across the country how to save lives. It's a chance for them to learn important first aid skills in a fun, friendly, and safe environment. 

St John is one of the largest youth organisations in the country and many of our young volunteers go onto careers in health and/or social care.

Being a youth volunteer helps young people develop skills and confidence that go on to help them with further education and university applications. To do this we need dedicated and enthusiastic youth helpers. Do you have 2 hours in an evening, once a week during school term times to join our fun loving youth team supporting and developing our young inspirational volunteers? No matter what your interests: Crafting, Singing/Dancing, History, Science or caring for people/animals, we welcome you to join us. 

Full training is provided. This is a great opportunity to develop your own skills, knowledge and build on your CV. All whilst having fun, making friends and supporting your community. 

Our Cadet programme gives young people aged to 11-18 years, to get involved in: • learning first aid • volunteering at local and national events • engaging in social action and helping their local community • learning about health and wellbeing • developing confidence and communication skills through Cadet leadership training • enjoying a wide range of outdoor and adventurous activities. 

We currently have vacancies in the following areas: Bilsthorpe on Monday evenings Hucknall on Tuesday evenings Mansfield and Worksop on Wednesday evenings If you’d like to know more about volunteering or would just like to chat to someone who does, get in touch.

The closing date for this advert will be 31/05/2026

Interview - dates and time, locations to be advised

No one should die because they needed first aid and didn’t get it. St John Ambulance teaches people first aid so they can be the difference between life and death, and you can help us do this.

We are seeking Event Doctors to respond and manage emergency calls/incidents at events which may include venues such as stadia, concert halls, motorsports tracks, road races etc. Event doctors shall provide specialist, clinical, social and holistic care while undertaking clinical assessment and interventions in the pre-hospital environment. This will mainly involve working in mobile treatment centres or temporary event medical centres.

Successful candidates will be registered medical practitioners with the GMC, without cautions or restrictions, and hold a licence to practice outside of an approved practice setting.

As a health professional volunteer, you would support our First Aid teams with patients who need more complex assessment or treatment, prescription medications or admission to hospital. 

We would warmly welcome you into our clinical team, provide all your training, uniform and equipment and offer you a great chance to work as part of a friendly prehospital care team, with good clinical support from experienced colleagues. 

You would join our group of over 20 Kent doctors, nurses, physiotherapists and paramedics who already give their time to volunteer with St John Ambulance. 

We have clinicians of all specialities in our teams and are happy to provide clinical supervision for those in training grades. 

We understand how tiring your work shifts can be, and that your duty to your NHS patients will always come first, and we can offer you flexibility around volunteering shifts as well as paid travel to, and accommodation at events. 

Please note, this is a Kent County wide advert for health professional volunteers, and once you are onboarded to the organisation you will be managed by one of the local networks and supported by the County Clinical Team. Kent Network locations are: St John North Kent (Rochester) - Unit 22, Castle View Business Centre, Gas House Road, Rochester, Kent, ME1 1PB St John Central Kent (Maidstone) - Dunk Memorial Hall, Church Street, Maidstone, Kent, ME14 IEL St John South Kent (Ashford) - Furley Hall, Maidstone Road, Ashford, Kent, TN24 8TX St John West Kent (Royal Tunbridge Wells) - 160-162 Silverdale Road, Royal Tunbridge Wells, Kent, TN4 9HU St John East Kent (Canterbury) - Suite 1C Orchard House, Orchard Street, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 8AJ

If you are successful you will need to undertake induction & training for role at these dates:
Welcome Event (Induction) - XXXXXXX details of times, venue, etc.
Training for role - XXXXXXX details of course including dates, time & venue.

Closing date for these opportunities is: 07/02/2027

To apply for this opportunity please follow the link below:

Do you have a passion for fashion and a creative eye for detail? 

Can you help us keep our windows and in store displays looking great for a few hours a week in our Keswick shop? 

We need help for between 2 and 4 hours on any day of the week that suits you. Join our friendly volunteer team and help make a real difference to children's lives. 

What will I be doing?  

• Designing and making great window displays to attract customers into the shop 

• Creating attractive displays in store 

• Identifying and selecting desirable items for displays 

• Restocking the shop floor to make it look interesting 

• Upholding the inclusive values of The Children’s Society 

What will I get? 

• Full training - no previous experience required 

• Free tea, coffee and biscuits 

• A reference

• Reimbursement of reasonable travel expenses

• Free confidential counselling helpline available 

You don't need any previous experience to volunteer in our shops, but you will need to be: 

• Supportive, polite and helpful to customers, other volunteers and staff 

• Reliable and punctual 

• Able to volunteer as part of a team 

• Able to follow pricing guidelines and health and safety practice (training will be provided)

• Willing to support the work and policies of The Children’s Society and its values

What's next? 

If you are interested in becoming a volunteer in our shops, we will ask you to take part in a trial shift so you can find out more about the role and we can find out more about you.

We will then ask we will ask for you to complete a short information form, including providing at least two references covering the last two years. 

Can you help us look for treasure and sort our donations in our stock room for a few hours a week in our Keswick shop? 

We need help for between 2 and 4 hours on any day of the week that suits you. Join our friendly volunteer team and help make a real difference to children's lives. 

What will I be doing?  

• Sorting through incoming donations and selecting good quality items for sale 

• Preparing items by tagging, hanging and steaming ready for the shop floor 

• Taking to donors about Gift Aid to help us raise more funds 

• Restocking the shelves and making the shop floor look attractive and inviting 

• Upholding the inclusive values of The Children’s Society 

What will I get? 

• Full training - no previous experience required 

• Free tea, coffee and biscuits 

• A reference

• Reimbursement of reasonable travel expenses

• Free confidential counselling helpline available 

You don't need any previous experience to volunteer in our shops, but you will need to be: 

• Supportive, polite and helpful to customers, other volunteers and staff 

• Reliable and punctual 

• Able to volunteer as part of a team 

• Able to follow pricing guidelines and health and safety practice (training will be provided)

• Willing to support the work and policies of The Children’s Society and its values

What's next? 

If you are interested in becoming a volunteer in our shops, we will ask you to take part in a trial shift so you can find out more about the role and we can find out more about you.

We will then ask we will ask for you to complete a short information form, including providing at least two references covering the last two years. 

Cadet Group Lead work directly with young people in St John Ambulance Badger Setts and Cadet Units. By organising a mixed weekly programme, this role will support the learning and development of young people into the next generation of health citizens. Cadet Group Lead also help young people develop their confidence, teamwork skills, self-discipline, and generally encourage them to strive to be the best they can be, as well as supervise and support other adult volunteers in their team.

The Volunteer Cadet Group Lead is responsible for leading and coordinating the delivery of weekly Cadet sessions at Brierley Hill, ensuring a safe, supportive, and engaging environment for young people. The role involves both operational leadership during sessions and the completion of essential administrative tasks to support the effective running of the Cadet programme. Key responsibilities include planning, organising, and leading weekly Cadet sessions, supported by assistant leaders and volunteers. 

The role holder oversees attendance, maintains accurate records, and completes all required Cadet administration, including registers, consent documentation, and any necessary reporting. Sessions should promote skills development, confidence, teamwork, and progression in line with the Cadet framework. The Cadet Group Lead acts as a key point of contact for parents and carers, models positive behaviours, and ensures safeguarding, health and safety, and organisational policies are adhered to at all times. The role requires strong organisational skills, the ability to lead and motivate both young people and volunteers, and a commitment to providing a high-quality experience within a volunteer-led setting.

You’ll get a huge sense of satisfaction and pride delivering an essential service. It’s great for you, great for your community and great for our nation, and it requires only a small commitment of your time. 

Pursuing the role

We are looking to run a interviews taking place through March with training planned for April. Details of times, venue, etc.

If you are successful you will need to undertake induction & training for role at these dates:

• Induction and Training for role - Details of course including dates, time & venue tbc.

Closing date for these opportunities is: 2003/2026

To apply for this opportunity please follow the link below:

Can you help us identify and prepare great items for sale online for a few hours a week in our Keswick shop? 

We need help for between 2 and 4 hours on any day of the week that suits you. Join our friendly volunteer team and help make a real difference to children's lives. 

What will I be doing?  

Typical things you might be doing in the shop include: 

• Sorting through incoming donations and selecting high value and quality items for sale online 

• Researching valuable items 

• Preparing, photographing and listing items for sale 

• Packing up sold items 

• Upholding the inclusive values of The Children’s Society 

What will I get? 

• Full training - no previous experience required 

• Free tea, coffee and biscuits 

• A reference

• Reimbursement of reasonable travel expenses

• Free confidential counselling helpline available 

You don't need any previous experience to volunteer in our shops, but you will need to be: 

• Supportive, polite and helpful to customers, other volunteers and staff 

• Reliable and punctual 

• Able to volunteer as part of a team 

• Able to follow pricing guidelines and health and safety practice (training will be provided)

• Willing to support the work and policies of The Children’s Society and its values

What's next? 

If you are interested in becoming a volunteer in our shops, we will ask you to take part in a trial shift so you can find out more about the role and we can find out more about you.

We will then ask we will ask for you to complete a short information form, including providing at least two references covering the last two years. 

Could you be a star baker, master chef or perhaps you simply enjoy baking or cooking! We are recruiting for a volunteer to join our team supporting individuals to learn new recipes together as a group.

Baking and cooking helps to relax, get creative and indulge in our senses. Often, it can spark nostalgia and helps us to recreate positive experiences or memories. Inspire and motivate people in our services to do something that brings joy, an opportunity to learn new skills whilst connecting with others over sharing baked goods and delicious meals.

What you will be doing

• Research and plan new recipes for cooking/baking sessions in collaboration with the group each week
• Encourage individuals to participate in the sessions and delegate cooking tasks
• Support individuals to shop for ingredients needed for the session
• Support individuals each week in setting up for the sessions and tidying away afterwards
• Encourage individuals to participate in all aspects of the planning and attendance
• Keep a record of attendees, provide feedback and report any concerns to the staff team

The skills you need

• Food Safety Certificate/knowledge or willingness to complete relevant training
• Passion and knowledge of healthy eating and cooking
• Ability to engage, encourage and motivate individuals to participate in sessions
• Ability to provide a supportive and inclusive atmosphere

What's in it for you

• Supporting You - You will have a dedicated volunteer supervisor to support you in your role; Quarterly volunteer forums with the central Volunteering team and volunteers across Hestia; References for job applications
• Developing You - You will gain knowledge and insight into issues that impact Domestic Abuse, Modern Slavery and Mental Health; You will have access to our extensive Learning and Development Programme; 40% of our departed volunteers secured a paid role at Hestia last year!
• Valuing You - Valuing You - We hold annual Volunteer Awards, outings, celebration, and social events for our volunteers to get together and have some fun; We reimburse travel expenses and up to £5 for lunch for your volunteering.