The Bible Reading Fellowship (BRF) is a Christian charity that is passionate about enabling people of all ages to grow in faith and understanding of the Bible. BRF resources the spiritual journey of individuals and the mission and ministry of local churches.

We are looking for a senior fundraiser with experience of working with high net worth individuals, with a proven track record of securing major gifts, and the ability to write successful trust applications. The successful applicant will be passionate about all things fundraising and will be eager to share their enthusiasm, skills and knowledge with other members of the team.

For full details, please view the applicant pack.

Closing date: 5:00pm on Friday 8 January 2021

The Evangelical Alliance is the largest body serving evangelical Christians in the UK. Since 1846, we’ve been uniting Christians and making their voices heard in the corridors of power. We’ve been equipping churches for mission, inspiring them to drive the spiritual, social and physical transformation of their communities.

We are looking for a passionate, committed evangelical Christian who shares our vision to develop relationships and draw supporters more fully into the life of the Evangelical Alliance, working closely with the CEO who, himself is a great fundraiser!

The role oversees the creation and delivery of a fundraising strategy, which includes appeals, trusts, legacies, key partner programme, and major donor events – generating a non-membership income of c£800,000 pa. The role includes communicating relationally with major donors and implementing the giving team’s strategy for supporter relations.

You’ll have experience of high-value charitable fundraising (trusts and individuals) and managing and administrating campaigns – or other relevant experience.

You’ll be an excellent communicator, relating well to people from a wide variety of backgrounds and cultures and you’ll be at ease communicating evangelical values and principles in a philanthropic context.

You’ll be organised, self-motivated and able to write clearly and concisely.

Most importantly, you’ll be actively engaged in an evangelical church and be comfortable sharing about Jesus and your relationship with him, applying your faith to your areas of expertise.

If you think this is something you would like to explore, then send your CV (maximum of 2 pages) with the subject heading Senior Fundraising Role, and we’ll contact you if we see a good match and would like to take things further.

This post is subject to an Occupational Requirement that the post holder is a committed evangelical Christian under Part 1 of Schedule 9 to the Equality Act 2010.

HEAD OF COMMUNITY AND EVENTS 

At Help for Heroes, we support those who are injured when they serve our country. Every day, men and women have to leave their career in the Armed Forces as a result of physical or psychological wounds; their lives changed forever. We help them, and those still serving, to recover and get on with their lives.

And who are we you’re wondering? We are experts and beginners. Generalists and specialists. Ordinary people with an extraordinary passion towards making a positive change to the lives of our veterans (and having fun while doing it).

As One Team we share a philosophy – I.C.A.R.E. It’s the way we walk and talk, the way we interact with others and how we approach everything we do. We are:

Innovative – Collaborative – Authentic – Resourceful – Energetic. 

We have an exciting opportunity for a Head of Community and Events to join our team. Please see below for more information on what just might be your future role.

About You

Are you an ambitious Community and Events fundraising manager, with a minimum of 5 years’ experience and do you have great people skills and are able to build relationships internally and externally? If you are a resilient, self-motivator with strong management skills who is supporter and results orientated, then this role is for you.

About the Role

Our Head of Community and Events is responsible for the development of Help for Heroes events and community fundraising income, raising £1.6m income in the current year and building sustainable growth for the future. This role will set strategy and plans, build on existing activity and identify areas for growth, to make this a reality you will lead a team of volunteers across the UK and 11 employees. The job could be remotely based and, when Government pandemic restrictions allow, will require one day a week at the Head Office in Salisbury and travel around the UK.

The job could be remotely based and, when Government pandemic restrictions allow, will require one day a week at the Head Office in Salisbury and travel around the UK.  

About the Team

In the commercial team we are a group of expert fundraisers, passionate about creating connections with our fundraisers and supporters, enabling us to foster loyalty and improved engagement, in turn increasing our income. We are constantly striving to challenge the way we do things in order to develop new, relevant and effective fundraising products and events. Although we are a national charity, we understand the importance of regional, community and online presence and here in the commercial team we take responsibility for building and nurturing those diverse relationships.

Like what you see? Get in touch and apply on our website today.

We look forward to hearing from you.

Applications close 24th January 2021.

Are you a talented fundraiser with a deep commitment to world mission?

Working with partners across Africa, Asia and the Middle East, Feba is all about the creative use of radio and other audio media to inspire people to follow Jesus Christ.We have a particular focus on ‘closed countries’ and ‘hard-to-reach’ people groups, including places where Christians face persecution for their faith. We are looking for an outstanding, experienced and highly motivated individual for this important new role.

Key responsibilities include:

·developing strong and enduring relationships with current and potential major donors and family trust funds;

·creating compelling, relevant and tailored funding proposals;

·designing and developing a targeted contact strategy and bespoke cultivation plan;

·co-creating a new major donor development strategy.

You will have:

·a clear demonstrable personal Christian faith and a commitment to Feba’s ministry;

·a successful track record of securing five or six figure grants from trusts and foundations, and/or held a major fundraising role;

·a strong, engaging presence with individuals and groups;

·the ability to negotiate and influence effectively, with strong written and verbal skills;

·great networking skills and familiar with the current landscape, approaches and techniques.

The Feba team is small (currently less than 10 people), all of whom care passionately about what we do. We love to roll up our sleeves, try new ways of doing things and support each other so that we can achieve our goals.If that sounds like you and you share our vision and values, then we’d love to hear from you.

Salary:Circa £21,000 per annum for 21 hours (FTE £35,000 p.a.)

Hours:21 hours per week

Location:A combination of both office and home-based working, so the postholder is likely to live within reasonable traveling distance of West Sussex.

Closing date:9.00am on 1st February 2021

Preliminary interview:   Wednesday 3rd February 2021

(via video conferencing)

Panel interview:Friday 5th February 2021

This post is subject to an Occupational Requirement that the post holder is a committed evangelical Christian under Part 1 of Schedule 9 to the Equality Act 2010.

Woman’s Trust is a registered charity based in Central London providing counselling and support services to women affected by domestic abuse.

We are facing one of the most challenging times in our organisation’s history, seeing a rising demand for our services against the backdrop of uncertain funding. We seek talented fundraisers to help us sustain and grow our income and help us succeed in our mission. If you think this is you, we want to hear from you.

We can offer you full-time (35 per week) or part-time (min. 21 per week) hours. As our Fundraiser, you will be based in the Edgeware Road / Paddington area, however remote working is required initially, with an option to continue some remote working longer term.

To find out more about this Fundraising opportunity, please download the job description.

To apply, please send us your CV and cover letter via the apply button.

Please apply as soon as possible as interviews will take place on a rolling basis.

This post is open to women only. The Equality Act 2010 pursuant to Schedule 9, Part 1 applies.

We are working with a wonderful Christian faith charity who are looking for a part-time Major Donor and Trust Fundraising Manager.

This role will be responsible for cultivating and developing strong relationships with new and existing Major Donors and Trusts. You will lead on creating compelling and bespoke funding proposals and work closely with your team members to develop an innovative major donor strategy.

You will have:

• A demonstrable interest in the Christian faith


• Previous experience working in the charity sector with a strong understanding of Major Donor fundraising


• Experience of securing 5 figure gifts from Major Donors or Trusts and Foundations


• The ability to communicate and negotiate effectively with internal and external stakeholders, with strong written skills

Closing date: ASAP

Salary; £21,000 (£35,000 full-time equivalent)

Hours; 21 per week

If you would like to have an informal discussion, please call me on 020 30 062787 or email [email protected]

Ashby Jenkins Recruitment are a specialist charity recruitment agency, we are experts in charity recruitment and excel at matching fundraisers to charity jobs. We take a relationship-led approach to recruitment, working ethically and supporting people to find their perfect fundraising jobs.

We are passionate about improving equality across the sector, you can read more about our commitment to diversity here.

Are you looking for a dynamic and rewarding role working for an organisation with the feminist agenda at the core of its ethos? Do you believe in our values; to listen and support, to empower and respect, collaborate, innovate, and take accountability?

Then Advance could be the career choice for you!

WE ARE LOOKING FOR AN EXPERIENCED STATUTORY BID WRITER TO JOIN OUR TEAM ON AN INITIAL FIXED TERM CONTRACT

Role: Bid Writer and Fundraiser

Salary: £35,000 per annum (pro rata for part time hours)

Location: Hammersmith, with some travel across London and UK locations required

Contract:             6 month fixed-term contract, with potential to extend

Hours: 21 hours (3 days) per week

This post is open to female applicants only as being female is deemed to be a genuine occupational requirement under Schedule 9, Paragraph 1 of the Equality Act 2010. 

Advance is committed to equality and diversity and strongly encourages applications from women with disabilities, from BME backgrounds and the LBT community, and with personal experience of the criminal justice system.

About Advance:

Established in 1998, Advance is an award-winning innovative non-profit organisation supporting women and girls experiencing domestic abuse and those women in the criminal justice system, enabling them to live safe, violence-free and equal lives. We are at the forefront of developing whole systems change services, establishing the first teams working within statutory settings to reach women and girls such as in police stations, hospitals, social care and probation services.

We are a passionate and dedicated team who believe in empathy, empowerment, collaboration and innovation and accountability. These qualities characterise our work with women and girls experiencing trauma, reaching over 6,000 women and their children each year.  The organisation has recently expanded its services, with annual income of £4m and approx. 90 staff working across London.

About this role:

As the need for domestic abuse services continues to grow and we look to expand our core services, we are simultaneously looking to grow capacity and capability in our Fundraising Team via this newly created role. 

The Statutory Bid Writer will:

• Be responsible for researching and writing statutory bids with the aim of expanding the statutory funding for Advance via competitively priced tender submissions.
• Develop a clear strategy for funding applications, building strong working relationships with potential funders interested in aspects of the services that Advance delivers
• Take ownership of and manage a schedule for bid writing to ensure all funding requirements can be delivered
• Provide creative input into bids and supporting business case documents, to ensure they are appealing to a wide range of funders.
• Closely monitor and identify the ROI for all bid processes and review all bid feedback.
• Work closely with the Advance Insights team to ensure that powerful and relevant data is utilised during the bid process.

You will have:

A good understanding of this issues facing women related to domestic violence and the criminal justice system and the need for specialist services or experience in a similar area of work is desirable but not essential.

If you have a background in any of the following areas, teamed with bid writing experience, we would be very interested to hear from you:-

• Trusts and Foundations
• Corporate
• Major Donors
• Community Fundraising
• Individual Giving 

What we offer:

• 30 days holiday plus public holidays, pro rata for part time, and a day off for International Women’s Day
• Pension scheme
• Access to our Employee Assistance Programme
• The opportunity to work in a flexible, supportive environment with a team of committed, inspiring women and we will support you as you to continue to build your skills and experience.

Please find the job description attached.

The closing date for applications is Friday 29th January

We will be assessing applications on a rolling basis so look forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience. 

To apply, please send your up to date CV along with a supporting statement demonstrating your particular experience with statutory bids and indicating where you first saw this role advertised, your notice period and salary expectations.

Please note that any offer of employment will be made subject to references and confirmation of the right to work in the UK and satisfactory enhanced DBS check

Senior Housing Services Officer

Role Purpose:

To deliver a responsive customer focused Housing Management service to tenants and prospective tenants of the Association. To supervise The Neighbourhood Officer, the Income & Tenancy Sustainment Officer and to ensure performance and service delivery meets our standards.

Key accountabilities

• Income Collection
• Complaint handling
• Tenancy & Lease Management to ensure statutory and contractual obligations are met
• External Liaison to promote Housing Management Service
• Producing various mangement reports
• Managing voids & lettings
• Ensure the Service Delivery is customer focused
• Line management expereince/ Staff supervision
• Estate Management & Performance Monitoring
• Anti-social behaviour management

Core Comptetencies: 

• Result focus
• Customer Orientation
• Effective communication
• Teamwork
• Planning & Organisation
• Decision Making & Initiative
• Influencing & Negotiating
• Leadership

Please see attached the full job description for more information.

We’re seeking an enthusiastic Senior Fundraising Officer to join our small fundraising team as we look to develop our existing income generation streams. With a focus on building relationships you will work with donors who give in different ways, such as individuals, community groups, trusts and foundations and corporate partners.

You will need to have great interpersonal skills, be confident when meeting new people, and have a desire to find new opportunities to promote the work of Designability and our case for support. You’ll be encouraged to put forward and develop your own fundraising ideas and a good level of creativity would be a benefit.

Designability is an independent national charity that enables disabled people to live with greater independence.  Our expertise is in user-centred design, creating products with and for disabled people to improve and enrich their lives.

This is an exciting opportunity to be part of a team that develops new products and provides innovative services which deliver greater choice for disabled people. We are a creative and inspiring team, operating with the freedom to explore and deliver exciting new ways of working, beyond statutory provision.

You will be joining a team which includes mechanical and electronics engineers, workshop technicians, product designers, occupational therapists, fundraisers, researchers and administrators. Our team is led by strong values: we are creative, inclusive and practical, with our vision being to create a future where every person with a disability has the products they want to live the life they choose.

***Senior Public Fundraising Manager***

Scope of the role

This role is responsible for the strategic development of the Public Fundraising portfolio, covering Individual Giving, Legacies, In Memory, Events and in time our fledgling Community programme.  It is an exciting time to join our team, with huge potential for the right person to come in and develop a new audience led approach to Public Fundraising, based on data and insight.  We’re keen to do more digitally, and aren’t afraid to test and learn.  

Core Duties & Responsibilities

• Lead on the development and delivery of SeeAbility’s Public Fundraising strategy, in order to meet agreed financial targets and KPIs.
• Use a range of direct marketing channels and techniques to recruit and retain supporters across multiple products, including cash, regular giving, lottery, events, legacies.
• Responsible for ensuring efficient and effective Supporter Care is carried out by the team, and building good relationships with supporters to maximise income generation.
• Develop and deliver high-quality, creative and effective new fundraising products and initiatives, and drive forward innovation in digital fundraising.
• Develop and oversee SeeAbility’s supporter journey, using data analysis and insights to ensure the effective stewardship of supporters.
• Lead and manage the Public Fundraising Team, developing talent, and creating a high performing team who work closely with colleagues across the organisation.

A full Job Description is enclosed.

Who are you?

You’re a talented fundraiser with proven experience of developing and implementing a fundraising strategy across individual giving and ideally one of either legacy, in-memory, or community fundraising programmes.  Your direct marketing skills are excellent, and you’ll have a proven ability to successfully apply these to a range of products and audiences in order to increase income.  You are audience led, and make decisions based on the right thing for them, not you. Ideally, you’ll also have experience of managing either third party or owned events, and genuinely care about giving outstanding support to your participants in order to generate more money for SeeAbility.

You’re a people person, able to build great relationships with supporters, colleagues and suppliers alike.  You’ll be familiar with using relational databases, and enjoy getting to grips with data, numbers and processes, and be able to interrogate and communicate complex financial or data analysis to a range of audiences.  You’ll be passionate about creating a strong team around you, willing to flex and support each other and their colleagues, and able to develop the talent your team has.  We’re a small team so you’ll also have a ‘can do’ attitude, and be willing to give things a try.

Salary: £42,000 - £45,000 subject to experience

Benefits:

• 25 days annual leave plus bank holidays
• Fully paid mandatory/statutory training
• Leadership Development Academy and talent programme
• Annual Excellence Awards to celebrate outstanding work
• Long service awards to recognise loyalty and commitment
• Life events: leave for when you need it the most
• Rolling pay reviews and commitment to pay competitive rates of pay
• A competitive pension scheme
• Season ticket loans
• Life assurance twice annual salary
• Cycle to work scheme
• Discount gym membership
• Health care cash plan
• Employee Assistance Programme for support in times of need
• Eye care vouchers
• Opportunities throughout the year to visit services, meet colleagues and people we support

SOS Children's Villages UK works to ensure that every child has a safe home to grow up in where they can feel safe, loved and supported. We simply couldn't do this without our incredible supporters, and that's why we need you to help us ensure they get the best possible experience whenever they contact us.

Reporting to the Supporter Care Manager, you will ensure excellent supporter care is provided to all
SOS UK’s Individual Giving supporter types, including sponsors, committed givers, cash supporters,
community fundraisers, groups, challenge eventers, and general enquirers.

The role has a particular focus on cultivating mid- and high-value supporters, and legacy pledgers.
With excellent communication skills and outstanding attention to detail, you will be self-motivated
and capable of multi-tasking and prioritising.

Position: Senior Campaigns Officer
Type: Full-time (35 hours per week), permanent
Location: Flexible (currently home-based)
Salary: £33,885 - £39,276 per annum plus excellent benefits
Salary Band: Band F, Level 1
Department: Campaigns and External Relations

At the MS Society, we make sure people living with MS are at the centre of everything we do. And it’s this commitment that unites us across the UK.

Our work is based on the hopes and aspirations of our MS community. Together we campaign at all levels, fund ground-breaking research and provide award winning support and information.

Our people are our greatest asset and the key to our success. We offer a vibrant, progressive environment where you will make a difference.

About this job

We’re recruiting a Senior Campaigns Officer to help us make positive change for people affected by MS.

Shaping compelling campaigns that mobilise communities of supporters to rally behind our movement is a big part of our new strategy – and we have bold plans to drive this work forward.

This is an exciting, challenging opportunity which is ideal for a confident, motivated and ambitious individual with a track record for delivering effective campaigns.

Working with the Campaigns Manager, you will develop and implement our key national campaigns, aimed at effecting meaningful change – whether that is policy change, practice change or even changing perceptions of the MS Society and the way supporters engage with us.

Your role will be vital in coordinating a diverse range of campaigning activities, as well as growing and nurturing our campaigns community and working directly with people with MS to build their capacity to campaign both locally and nationally.

You will be joining the MS Society at an exciting stage of our development and this is a fantastic opportunity to be part of a supportive, dynamic and friendly team.

We offer 35 days annual leave (including bank holidays), travel loan and various other benefits such as supported developmental opportunities.

The MS Society is in the midst of an exciting, transformational, period which builds on our great history and will drive us towards achieving our mission and vision as we embark on our new 5 year strategy.

Part of this exciting transformation will include an office move from our current National Centre in Cricklewood, NW London to a different location in London. We are currently defining where and what type of accommodation this will be and we really want our staff to be involved in that decision.

Closing date: 9am on Monday 1st February 2021

We are committed to promoting equality and diversity.

No agencies please.

Senior Support Worker - Supported Living

Location: North London

Salary: £20,907.12 per annum (based on 25.5 hours as Senior and 11.5 hours as Support Worker)

Hours of Work: 37 hours per week, with 25.5 hours as Senior Support Worker and 11.5 hours as Support Worker (please note that shift work entails evenings, weekends and bank holidays)

About the Company:

Are you ready for the next step in your career? Interested in a management or supervisory role as part of a team dedicated to offering high quality support to people with learning disabilities? Do you have engaging and creative activity ideas for the people we support to take part in, learn and have fun?

We have an exciting opportunity to take on the role of Senior Support Worker within one of our Supported Living Services in Islington, which provides support to 19 adults with learning disabilities - including mild-to-moderate and Profound to Multiple learning disabilities - and a range of other needs, including mental health and complex health needs.

The role involves assisting with management of the day-to-day running of the service, coordinating person-centred care for service users and overseeing the development and implementation of care plans designed to provide meaningful choice and increase independence and participation. Working in partnership with service-users and their families, you will actively participate in the aim of the service, including planning and delivering a range of creative and social activities both on site and in the community.

This role will also involve mentoring and providing support and supervision to a team of support staff.

Senior Support Worker Requirements:

* Willing and able to offer physical support to service users, including moving and handling safely
* Flexible and able to carry out a variety of shifts throughout the week, including evenings, weekends and bank holidays
* Understanding of health and safety issues as they affect service users
* Understanding of person-centred values and self-directed support
* Awareness of issues affecting people with learning disabilities and/or Autism
* Understanding of and sensitivity to the discrimination experienced by members of vulnerable and/or minority groups
* Knowledge and awareness of relevant legislation, current and forthcoming issues relating to services for people with learning disabilities and/or Autism (Desirable)
* Experience of working with people with learning disabilities and/or Autism, or with another vulnerable client group
* Experience of working in a supervisory role involving staff management (Desirable)
* Experience of working with people from varied social and cultural backgrounds (Desirable)
* Skills & Values Strong interpersonal skills, able to communicate and collaborate effectively with a range of people
* IT proficient, with the ability to confidently use a range of computer software (i.e. Office and others), or willing to develop IT skills for the purposes of the role
* Ability to organise own and others' workloads effectively
* Able to work on own initiative, proactively resolving issues
* Strong self-reflective skills, able to take learning from situations
* Sufficient numeracy skills to confidently manage a budget (Desirable)
* Able to maintain professional boundaries and handle confidential information appropriately
* Committed to concepts of equal opportunity, diversity and inclusion
* Committed to enabling choice, independence and wellbeing of people with learning disabilities and/or Autism

What we offer in return:

* We believe in offering great opportunities for staff development, enabling staff to be innovative and proactive in delivering the best possible outcomes for the people we support
* A range of training and development opportunities
* Regular support and supervision, as well mentoring
* A vibrant, friendly and supportive work environment

How to apply: Please submit a CV along with a cover statement (either within the email itself or as an attachment) addressing the following: "Tell us more about why you are interested in this role and what you would bring to this post in terms of your knowledge, skills and experience". Please ensure you refer to the person specification in your statement and explain how you meet the criteria.

We would also appreciate if you could take the time to complete an applicant diversity survey.

Closing date: 31st January 2021 , although applications will be considered for shortlisting on a rolling basis, and the closing date will be brought forward if a successful candidate is found prior to 31st January

Centre 404 is dedicated to staff development and supervision and we will provide a detailed induction and on-going training and support. We are also committed to safeguarding and promoting the welfare of adults at risk and we are looking to recruit people who share these values. All offers of employment are subject to an enhanced DBS c

• Are you a senior fundraising professional with experience of leading a major capital appeal?
• Are you a tenacious and highly motivated fundraiser with highly developed interpersonal skills?
• Do you possess a can-do attitude and does meeting ambitious targets motivate you?
• And you are also a confident communicator and impactful storyteller?

UK Youth have a perfect exciting opportunity for you!

We are in a search for a Senior Fundraising professional to join the organisation as the Head of Avon Tyrrell Capital Appeal,  who will be responsible for planning, managing, implementing and delivering a new capital fundraising appeal for Avon Tyrrell, UK Youth’s outdoor learning centre. 

This is an exciting and busy time to be joining UK Youth as we develop and implement the strategic plans for our next chapter. A key part of our new strategy is the investment in outdoor learning and the development of Avon Tyrrell, our outdoor learning centre in the New Forest, Hampshire. Avon Tyrrell has a 100-bed dormitory-style Grade I listed Calendar House, Grade II* Coach House and Grade II grounds.  With over 39,000 visitors each year the site is in need of urgent repair and investment to ensure we can continue to support young people now and in the future.

It is envisaged that this will be a 3-year project and is therefore being recruited on a fixed term contract basis.

Responsibilities will include: development of the appeal fundraising strategy, ensuring alignment with UK Youth Income Generation Strategy and realisation of the income generation targets; and supporting the finalisation of the development plans involving internal and external stakeholder engagement and consultation with relevant experts. In this senior fundraising role, you will work closely with the External Relations and Avon Tyrrell teams to develop and launch a new capital fundraising appeal, which we estimate  will need to raise between £3-5m, including a new purpose-built learning centre and restoration of Avon Tyrrell House and Grounds.

Who are UK Youth?

UK Youth is a leading charity that exists to ensure all young people are equipped to thrive and

empowered to contribute at every stage of their lives. We work with others to ensure that the youth sector is strengthened, supported, and that provision is youth-led, evidence-informed and delivers high-quality outcomes.

UK Youth plays a unique role in addressing; the lack of investment in the youth sector, the lack of crosssector understanding in how youth work makes a difference and the limited opportunities to embed effective solutions. These factors lead to mass inequality of access to youth services for young people. To find more about us and how we make an impact, please visit UK Youth Website.

What can we offer you?

We offer a competitive range of benefits, good work/life balance, excellent learning and development opportunities and vibrant organisational culture.

• Compensation package of £38,000 - £48,000 (depending on experience)
• 27 days annual leave plus bank holidays
• Pension scheme (currently UK Youth match employee contributions up to 5%)
• Membership of our life insurance scheme which would pay-out up to 4 times your salary
• Employee Assistance Programme to support employees both professionally and personally
• 20% discount off bookings at Avon Tyrrell our New Forest Outdoor Centre including, camping, lodges and outdoor activities.
• Cyclescheme and Techscheme
• Flexible/Agile Working

How to Apply?

If you would like to be considered for this fantastic opportunity, please head to our website to find out more information about this and other roles.

• Closing date for applications will be 9 am, Monday 1 February 2021

As this role involves working in a regulated environment with young people, any offer will be conditional to satisfactory background checks which include criminal record check and employment reference.