Volunteer volunteer volunteer roles in Egham, england

Summary

Could you combine nursing skills, compassion and faith to offer care in body, mind and spirit?
Could you support people experiencing homelessness?

Detailed description

You could be part of our exciting pilot project as a volunteer Parish Nurse offering life-transforming whole-person healthcare, working alongside Chaplains, Complex Needs and Housing Support Workers.

 As a YMCA Parish Nurse you would:

• Help service users identify issues and self-manage their wellbeing so they flourish in body, mind and spirit. This might be 1:2:1 or in a group setting.
• Signpost, support, and provide information and reassurance enabling service users to access NHS and other professional or community support as well as internal support from YMCA colleagues and projects.
• Offer spiritual care from a Christian perspective, such as prayer or acts of worship
• Be instrumental in supporting the project develop in this pilot phase

Training for this role is provided by PNMUK as part of their on-going programme of support and personal development for Parish Nursing nationally. The next course is 15-17th November with follow-up online sessions.

This project is being developed and lead by One YMCA’s Chaplaincy Team, together with our Medium Complex Intensive Support Service (MCISS) and supported by Parish Nursing Ministries UK (PNMUK).

The Chaplaincy Team offer life-transforming spiritual care and pastoral support. For us Chaplaincy is about journeying with people, inspired by the life, example and teaching of Jesus. Our vision for Chaplaincy is to see even more of our service users and staff thriving through experiencing the love of God for themselves. Following a re-shaping of our work, Chaplaincy is now part of the newly formed Christian Mission team, which is at the heart of this growing charity. 

YMCA enables people to develop their full potential in mind, body and spirit. Inspired by and faithful to our Christian values, we create supportive, inclusive, and energising communities where young people can truly belong, contribute, and thrive.

What volunteers need�� Disclosure and Barring Service

What we will provide to volunteers

�� Reimbursement of costs�� Extra support

Al Naasih is a 1‑to‑1 mentoring programme established by Hidayah in March 2020. It seeks to support queer Muslims struggling to reconcile their faith and identity. Mentors are trained in relevant skills (emotional intelligence, active listening, managing relationships, etc.) and paired with mentees to help them achieve personal goals. Within this role you will:

· Provide empathetic, non-judgemental support for mentees working through challenges related to faith, identity and wellbeing

· Help mentees set and achieve personal goals

· Act as a positive role model and safe space

· Assist mentees in exploring reconciling their faith with their LGBTQ+ identity, supporting spiritual, emotional, and practical wellbeing

Please this role is UK based and online/virtual.

What are the key responsibilities of this role?

This role will have the following duties, but are not limited to:

· Build a trusting and respectful relationship with mentee

· Be in regular contact: at least once per month, according to what works best)

· Help mentees identify goals, hurdles, and strategies to work towards those goals

· Listen actively and empathetically; offer guidance rather than prescribing solutions

· Maintain confidentiality, boundaries, and ethical conduct

· Attend required training sessions (1‑on‑1) to develop mentoring skills (emotional intelligence, active listening, relationship management, etc.)

· Reflect on own practice; be open to feedback and possibly supervision / check‑ins

What do we expect from an Al Naasih Mentor?

Please note that you must agree with and fit the criteria below to be eligible to volunteer in this role:

Essential:

· Must be a queer Muslim

· Strong empathy, patience, and trustworthiness

· Comfortable discussing issues around faith and sexuality / identity

· Good communication skills; active listening; emotional intelligence

· Ability to set and maintain healthy boundaries

· Reliability and consistency (making time for regular sessions)

· Ability to maintain confidentiality regarding mentee’s personal information

·Ability to recognise limits of the mentoring role (e.g. not a therapist / counsellor) and refer on where needed

· Able to respect the mentee’s autonomy and pace

Desirable:

· Prior experience of mentoring, coaching, or peer‑support work

· Some understanding of LGBTQ+ issues within Muslim communities

This role will report to the Al Naasih Programme Coordinator or designated lead.

 

How much commitment is required?

This is a voluntary role with flexible hours subject to the agreement between you and your mentee. However, the following are vital to the success of this role:

· Minimum once per month meetings (virtual) with mentee

· Time needed to prepare, reflect, and possibly attend training or support / supervision meetings

· Duration per mentee: to be mutually agreed, depending on goals and needs

· Up to three mentees once comfortable with the role

Inclusive Boards is delighted to be supporting Lambeth Links in their search for their CEO.

Lambeth Links is a small charity with a big ambition: to be a central point of rallying, communication and advocacy for the LGBTQIA+ Community who live, work and socialise in Lambeth – the largest borough in London. The organisation aims to strengthen the links between individuals and groups while also highlighting the many issues that continue to adversely affect the community.

Lambeth has a deep and rich history of LGBTQIA+ activism. From being home to founding members of the Gay Liberation Front (GLF) to hosting Europe’s first EuroPride in Brixton in 1992, the borough has long been the beating heart of the LGBTQIA+ Community. Lambeth Links exists to continue that legacy of championing collective voice and driving forward change.

As CEO, you will lead the operational and strategic running of the charity, make sure that the organisation runs well every day and that it has the people, systems and income to grow.

The ideal candidate will have :

• Significant experience of leading at senior level in a charity, social enterprise, public or community organisation. This might be as a Chief Officer, Director or Head of a significant function with clear accountability for people, budgets and organisational performance.
• Experience of working directly with or supporting a Board of Trustees or similar governing body, including preparing papers, giving honest advice and implementing decisions.
• Experience of organisational development or change, for example improving systems, structures, culture or ways of working in a small organisation.
• Understanding of the issues faced by LGBTQIA+ people, including those who are Black or from other communities of colour, disabled people and people with insecure immigration status, and a commitment to intersectional practice.

​​​​How to Apply

If you wish to apply for this position, please supply the following by 11.59pm on 21/12/2025:

• A detailed CV, setting out your career history, with responsibilities and achievements. 
• A cover letter (maximum two sides of A4) highlighting your suitability for the role. Please explain how you meet the essential criteria and give one or two examples that show how you have already operated at, or very close to, Chief Officer level. For example, leading an organisation or major function, managing whole organisation budgets or income plans, or steering a Board or governing body through a key decision. 
• Details of two professional referees together with a brief statement of their relationship to you and over what period of time they have known you. Referees will not be contacted without your prior consent.

GHRI Seeks Volunteer Grant Writers (Remote & Flexible)

About GHRI

The Global Health Reform Initiative Foundation (GHRI) is a nonprofit working to improve healthcare access for underserved and rural communities. We use telemedicine, digital health innovations, and humanitarian programs to ensure vulnerable populations receive the care they deserve.

Opportunity Overview

GHRI is seeking experienced volunteer grant writers to join our mission. By helping us secure funding, you will directly contribute to strengthening healthcare systems and expanding programs that save lives. This role is remote, flexible, and has no fixed hours — you can contribute anytime you are free.

Responsibilities

Research and identify local and international funding opportunities.

Draft persuasive and compelling grant proposals.

Collaborate with GHRI’s team to collect program data and success stories.

Assist in donor communications and reporting.

Qualifications

At least 1 year of grant writing experience.

Strong writing, editing, and research skills.

Organized, detail-oriented, and able to meet deadlines.

Passion for global health, humanitarian impact, and nonprofit development.

Benefits

Remote and flexible: work from anywhere, anytime.

Gain valuable nonprofit fundraising and development experience.

Build your portfolio and professional connections.

Play a direct role in uplifting health

care systems for vulnerable communities.

Our volunteer cat fosterers play a vital role by providing a temporary, loving home for cats that are in the care of the RSPCA.

Why we want you 

We are the RSPCA South Bucks Branch and it's our vision to live in a world where all animals are respected and treated with compassion. Our volunteer fosterers are incredible, they play an essential role in helping us carry out our important animal welfare work every day and enabling cats to be rehomed. 

You could be fostering an animal for just a few weeks, or it could be a longer term placement for several months and in a few cases it can be longer. 

What you will be doing 

Providing care and suitable housing in a safe environment for cats while they are in foster care in accordance with Society policies and guidelines.

Feeding, watering, providing enrichment, socialising and grooming cats (as appropriate).

Liaising with your Cat Co-ordinator regularly. For cats ready for rehoming: sharing photos and videos to the cat coordinator to enable them to raise awareness and rehoming. 

If the animal has specific needs you will be supported by your local team of fosterers to enable you to provide the care needed.

Offering a separate room to keep the cat/s in and separate from your own animals.

Some cats may have had surgery and will need a period of cage rest. This will be provided.

Your family/household must be fully supportive (and checked/confirmed that there are no cat allergies within the household).

All members of the household should have an up-to-date tetanus injection.

Transporting your foster cat for vet appointments.

Allowing a potential adopter to enter your home to view a cat up for adoption after they have been assessed by the cat co-ordinator, a volunteer can support you in this. 

Completing the local branch paperwork relating to the cats in your care.

The skills you need 

Volunteers must be aged 18 or over. 

Previous experience of fostering would be beneficial, and experience caring for cats is essential. 

If you have existing cats, they must be spayed/neutered and vaccinated. 

If in rented accommodation, permission from the landlord must be obtained. 

You must live in or near South Buckinghamshire, please contact us to discuss your location.

What's in it for you 

Meet like-minded people and get to know more about the work of the RSPCA South Bucks Branch.

Add an important animal welfare role to your CV.

A great induction and training relevant to your role. 

Support from our local and national teams.

You’ll be making a huge difference to the welfare of animals. 

What we provide you

We provide all the food, litter, medication and equipment needed to foster cats in our branch.

A community of local fosterers to draw support and information.

Regular contact with your cat coordinator to support you.

Disclaimer 

Our fosterers are subject to an informal interview, home assessment visit, satisfactory references and completion of online induction training including Health and Safety. 

Learning and curriculum designers wanted to help East London Waterworks Park deliver its environmental learning goals.

East London Waterworks Park is a volunteer-led charity that has won a 2024 New London Architecture award and raised £2m towards buying land from the Department for Education to transform the 14-acre Thames Water Depot on Lea Bridge Road on the border of Waltham Forest and Hackney, into a new biodiverse park with natural swimming ponds, forest schools and community spaces. 

We are looking for volunteers to develop learning content and resources, such as lesson plans and educational materials, to support our environmental learning goals. This role will focus on creating school-friendly resources for our website and collaborating with educators to enhance our offerings.

The role would include:

• Developing online learning resources for our website (on-going project)
• Designing or tailoring existing lesson plans and activities for schools 
• Supporting the creation of ELWP’s Under 18s volunteering policy
• Supporting outreach efforts to promote ELWP’s existing learning programmes

Schools, universities and youth groups we've collaborated with include:

• Waltham Forest College 
• Henry Maynard Primary School, Walthamstow
• Buxton School, Leytonstone
• Kingsmead Primary School, Hackney
• Daubeney Primary School, Hackney
• UCL 
• Royal College of Art
• University of Westminster 
• Project Zero
• Voyage Youth 
• Loyola University Chicago 
• Vanderbilt University Nashville

We're looking for people to lead on these projects and facilitate the direction of the learning working group.

The Learning Circle currently meets monthly on a Wednesday evening at 8pm for an hour on Google Meet and spends voluntary time outside of the meeting completing agreed tasks remotely.

Ideal candidates have experience in curriculum design, teaching, or educational resource development. Creativity, strong writing skills, and an understanding of outdoor or environmental education will be valuable. Our roles are quite flexible. We hope that people bring radical imagination, peace with nature, and courageous inclusiveness to the role.  

Your support will help young people and learners improve their environmental knowledge of design and research as well as contributing to our community-owned park. This will in turn provide a sense of stewardship over the land once the park is created and student's ideas have been built into the park. Creating learning projects with educational institutions will also help our charity with the strategy to buy the land through showing the value of our environmental education programme before we create the park. 

You will have a significant impact on the creation of a new biodiverse community-owned park with free access natural swimming ponds. By volunteering in this role, you will help shape the future of East London Waterworks Park as a community-led environmental learning space. This will also help our charity with the strategy to buy the land through showing the value of our environmental education programme before we create the park. If you’re interested in joining us, we’d love to hear from you!

Get on board, join our Trustees.

The Global Legal Action Network (GLAN) is a unique non-profit organisation that works with affected communities to pursue innovative legal actions across borders, challenging states and other powerful actors involved with systemic injustice. Our vision is justice across borders. We have a Board of seven passionate and knowledgable Trustees. We are looking to expand this with up to three new appointments. 

ABOUT THE ROLE As a trustee, you will: Contribute to the strategic direction and governance of the charity. Ensure we remain true to our mission and comply with legal and financial responsibilities. Bring your skills, experience, and perspective to strengthen our board KEY REQUIREMENTS We are particularly keen to hear from: Those with lived experience of the kinds of harms GLAN aims to tackle, to ensure we are amplifying voices of those too often excluded, and to support our work addressing systemic injustices in a meaningful way. Black and Brown candidates who bring knowledge of, or have strong connections to, the Global South/Global Majority. Experience in movement building and strengthening civil society alliances. Candidates who bring expertise in the areas of Impact measurement, Fundraising or Marketing Candidates that will support GLAN to meet an increasingly challenging operating environment in terms of external risks and fundraising. Candidates who share GLAN’s values and can evidence a commitment to decolonial practice and anti-racism Candidates who are fully supportive of GLAN’s ambition to create an environment where employees have a strong, collective voice in matters affecting their work and wellbeing

About the Role 

We are Buttons & Bubbles C.I.C. We aim to increase inclusion and representation for disabled families across society. We have several different services including bespoke characters, workshops, free resources, events, sensory trails and more. 

As Buttons & Bubbles continues to grow, we are looking for people who can grow our Linkedin network and also general leads into development and business opportunities

Who Are We Looking For? 

• Someone who is passionate about our mission of inclusion, representation, and belonging. 

• Knowledge of lead generation 

• Knowledge of strategic planning and growth 

• Knowledge of Linkedin 

• Comfortable making initial contact with other professionals and organizations 

• UK based 

What Do We Expect? 

• Must be willing to undertake our training programme, which will be completed virtually at a time that suits you. 

• Have a DBS check (preferably be on the update service) or be willing to complete one with us. 

• Sign our volunteer contract. (If you disagree with anything in it, please discuss it with us, we’re happy to make small changes where appropriate.) 

• Have a positive attitude toward disability and illness. We’re always happy to answer questions about this. 

What Can You Expect? 

• A kind, caring, and nurturing company that values its people, staff, and volunteers. Our aim is to keep your wellbeing at the centre of our work. 

• A community group that does not currently operate a rota system of any kind. Therefore, you don’t have to commit your time regularly only when it suits you. 

• A positive and proactive approach to disability and illness. Any and all accommodations you require will be made. If you’d like to discuss something privately, please email us to arrange a confidential chat. 

Benefits of Volunteering with Buttons & Bubbles C.I.C 

• Make a difference in your community. 

• Have a positive impact on people’s lives. 

• Develop your current skills and gain new ones. 

• Demonstrate your commitment and reliability to future employers. 

• Show your ability to balance and manage your time effectively. 

• Build your confidence. 

• Explore new areas of interest by taking on additional tasks if you wish. 

About the Role 

We are Buttons & Bubbles C.I.C. We aim to increase inclusion and representation for disabled families across society. We have several different services including bespoke characters, workshops, free resources, events, sensory trails and more. 

As we continue to grow, we are on a mission to make finding and accessing information around everything to do with disability easier. Hence, we're putting together a brand-new team of volunteers who are passionate about content and using the power of social media for good

Who Are We Looking For?

·Someone who is passionate about our mission of inclusion, representation, and belonging.

·Having social media skills is helpful, but enthusiasm for creating and editing content, building online communities, and supporting our digital presence is essential.

·You should enjoy research, taking on challenges, and bringing a creative mindset to your work.

·Be willing to learn or have knowledge of editing and posting videos.

·Be able to support our online initiatives while collaborating with our team.

What Do We Expect?

·Must be willing to undertake our training programme, which will be completed virtually at a time that suits you.

·Have a DBS check (preferably be on the update service) or be willing to complete one with us.

·Sign our volunteer contract. (If you disagree with anything in it, please discuss it with us; we’re happy to make small changes where appropriate.)

·Have a positive attitude toward disability and illness.

Benefits of Volunteering with Buttons & Bubbles C.I.C 

·Make a difference in your community. 

·Have a positive impact on people’s lives. 

· Develop your current skills and gain new ones. 

· Demonstrate your commitment and reliability to future employers. 

· Show your ability to balance and manage your time effectively. 

· Build your confidence. 

· Explore new areas of interest by taking on additional tasks if you wish. 

We’re looking for compassionate and knowledgeable volunteers to join our small, friendly team as SEND Advocates. In this role, you’ll help families by explaining SEND processes and legislation, supporting them to communicate with schools and local authorities, and ensuring their child’s needs are properly recognised. You’ll also assist with preparing letters, attending virtual meetings, and keeping accurate confidential records.

Video Editor (International Humanity Foundation)

Dear Applicant,

Thank you for your interest in volunteering as a Video Editor for the International Humanity Foundation (IHF)! We are looking for talented and creative individuals to help us produce visually compelling content that highlights our mission to provide education to underprivileged children.

Role Requirements

As a Video Editor, you will:

Edit raw footage into polished and engaging videos.

Add graphics, animations, and subtitles to enhance video quality.

Collaborate with the podcast and media teams to create promotional materials.

Work on highlight reels and trailers to showcase IHF’s work and podcast content.

Ensure all videos align with IHF’s branding and storytelling goals.

Skills We Value

Proficiency in video editing software (e.g., Adobe Premiere Pro, Final Cut Pro, DaVinci Resolve).

Creative storytelling through visual media.

Attention to detail and ability to meet deadlines.

Experience in graphic design or animation is a plus.

A collaborative and flexible attitude.

Benefits of Volunteering with IHF

By joining our team, you will:

Gain valuable experience in video editing and storytelling for a global nonprofit.

Build your portfolio with impactful content.

Collaborate with a diverse, creative, and passionate team.

Contribute to a cause that empowers underprivileged children through education.

Receive a certificate of recognition and appreciation for your contributions.

About IHF

The International Humanity Foundation is a nonprofit organization focused on providing education to children in underserved communities. We believe in creating stories that inspire change and empower lives.

We’re looking for a motivated finance professional to join our Trustee Board as Treasurer, provide us with financial strategic direction and help us maintain our long-term sustainability

Working closely with our Chair and Chief Officer, your key responsibilities will include:

• Keeping the Board informed about its financial duties and responsibilities

• Guiding and advising the Board in the approval of budgets, accounts and financial statements

• Chairing the Board’s Finance Sub-Committee

• Reviewing the quarterly and year end accounts produced by our Administrator

• Presenting the year end accounts at the Annual General Meeting

• Ensuring that proper financial procedures and controls are in place to safeguard the charity’s resources

• Ensuring that the charity has appropriate reserves and investment policies

You don’t need to have been a trustee before, but you’ll need to:

• have recognised professional financial qualifications or experience

• ideally, have some knowledge or experience of charity finances

• be familiar with Quickbooks accounting systems and spreadsheets

• have the skills to analyse proposals and examine their financial consequences

• be able to explain complex financial information in an accessible way

• be able to exercise good independent judgment and if necessary to make difficult recommendations

• work effectively as part of a team

• have the time and flexibility to respond to the demands of the charity

• be willing to learn about and follow the Citizens Advice aims, principles and policies, including confidentiality, equality and data protection

• represent Citizens Advice professionally at all times

Please note that while a large part of the role can be performed remotely, in-person attendance is expected for the board and trustee meetings.

If you are interested in joining our successful and expanding service, as we continue to meet the advice needs of the diverse communities we serve, we would love to hear from you. 

Volunteer Opportunity: Senior Legal Counsel – India
Project Yananai

Project Yananai is a global nonprofit organisation dedicated to empowering underserved communities through adult education, sustainable skills development, and humanitarian aid. As we expand our operations in India, we are seeking an experienced Senior Legal Counsel (Volunteer) to join our Senior Management Team and help ensure the highest standards of legal compliance, governance, and organisational integrity.

Location: India
Role Type: Volunteer
Reports to: Country Director; General Counsel; Deputy Directors
Direct Reports: Legal Counsels

About the Role

This voluntary leadership position plays a key role in Project Yananai’s Legal Compliance and Safety Team. The Senior Legal Counsel will provide expert guidance on legal, regulatory, and risk-related matters, ensuring our programmes operate responsibly, ethically, and in full compliance with Indian law.

Key Responsibilities

• Provide strategic legal advice to the National Management Team and programme leads.
• Interpret and communicate relevant Indian laws and regulations affecting nonprofit operations.
• Draft, review, and negotiate contracts, MoUs, leases, and partnership agreements.
• Monitor compliance with FCRA, Companies Act, labour laws, tax laws, and data protection regulations.
• Support safeguarding, anti-corruption, and data privacy policies and processes.
• Assist with disputes, litigation matters, and regulatory inquiries.
• Mentor and support regional Legal Counsels.
• Deliver training on legal compliance and organisational risk.
• Support governance, statutory filings, and maintenance of legal registrations.
• Ensure accurate documentation and record-keeping.

What We’re Looking For

• Bachelor’s degree in Law (LLB); LLM preferred.
• Registered with the Bar Council of India.
• Minimum 7 years’ legal experience, with at least 3 years in a senior or compliance-focused role.
• Strong knowledge of Indian NGO, corporate, labour, FCRA, tax, and contract law.
• Excellent analytical, drafting, negotiation, and communication skills.
• High integrity, sound judgement, and commitment to ethical practice.
• Fluency in English and Hindi (additional languages are an advantage).

Why Volunteer With Us?

• Contribute your expertise to an organisation creating tangible impact in underserved communities.
• Influence national-level strategies and organisational growth.
• Work with a mission-driven, values-led global team.
• Gain meaningful experience in nonprofit governance and leadership.

How to Apply:
Interested candidates are invited to send their CV and a short cover note outlining their motivation and relevant experience 

Project Yananai is an equal-opportunity organisation. We welcome applicants from all backgrounds and communities.

The Events Assistant will support the planning, coordination, and delivery of Hidayah’s events and activities. Working closely with the Events Officer and wider team, this role ensures that all events run smoothly, are well-promoted, inclusive, and aligned with Hidayah’s mission. The ideal candidate is organised, proactive, and passionate about creating meaningful community experiences.

What are the key responsibilities of this role?

This role will have the following duties, but are not limited to:

1. Event Planning & Delivery 

· Support the Events Officer in planning, organising, and delivering a range of events, both online and in person

· Liaise with venues and caterers to confirm logistics, costs, and facilities, ensuring value for money and guest satisfaction

· Manage event listings and guest registrations through OutSavvy, ensuring all attendees have active Hidayah memberships

· Assist with event setup, registration, and on-the-day coordination, providing a welcoming and inclusive environment

· Support with risk assessments, accessibility considerations, and general event compliance

2. Marketing & Communications 

· Collaborate with the Social Media team to schedule and promote events across Hidayah’s social channels

· Create or support the design of promotional materials and graphics using Canva

· Draft event descriptions, newsletter content, and updates for review by the Events Officer

· Coordinate the monthly newsletter, liaising with the Social Media team to finalise and distribute

· Engage partner charities, community groups, and networks to share event information via email and social media

3. Stakeholder & Community Engagement 

· Build and maintain relationships with organisations, partners, and individuals aligned with Hidayah’s mission

· Send thank-you messages to venues, partners, and attendees following events

· Distribute and collect feedback forms, compiling responses to support continuous improvement

· Represent Hidayah at community events and networking opportunities where appropriate

4. Administrative Support 

· Maintain and update the contact database and event records

· Manage the Events Team inbox, responding to or triaging queries promptly

· Attend regular Events Team meetings, contributing updates and ideas

· Track and report on event expenses and participation data as required

What do we expect from the Events Assistant? 

Please note that you must agree with and fit the criteria below to be eligible to volunteer in this role:

Essential: 

· Excellent organisation, communication, and time management skills. - Ability to work independently with minimal support but also as part of a team. - Proactive attitude with strong attention to detail. 

· Confident using (or willing to learn) tools such as OutSavvy, Google Suite (Docs, Calendar, Meet), HootSuite, and Discord

· Familiarity with social media platforms and an understanding of their role in event promotion

· Commitment to Hidayah’s values of inclusion, respect, and community empowerment

Desirable: 

· Experience with Canva or other design tools

· Basic data management or CRM experience 

· Understanding of accessibility and safeguarding in events

· Ability to track budgets or handle basic event finance administration

· Analytical skills to interpret feedback and produce summary reports

Personal Attributes 

· - Warm, approachable, and confident engaging with diverse communities

· Flexible and adaptable, able to respond calmly to challenges during live events

· Creative thinker who enjoys finding new ways to engage the audience

· Passionate about creating inclusive, welcoming spaces for all attendees

How much commitment is required?

This is a voluntary role with flexible hours, and can be carried out around your existing commitments. The role will take approximately 3-5 hours per week (flexible depending on needs and availability).