Finance and administration manager jobs
This is an exciting role in a unique organisation. Our vision is to provide an outstanding experience for all UCL students and to be one of the best students’ unions in the UK and the world. We aim to build a vibrant and empowered student community with real influence in UCL and beyond, that enables students to enjoy their time at university; pursue their interests and passions; see the world in new ways; and develop the skills and experience to change the world for the better.
We are a registered charity employing over 100 career staff and 300 student staff, delivering a wide range of services and representative functions for UCL students. We have the widest portfolio of services of any student organisation in the country, managing UCL’s extracurricular programmes for sport, music, drama, dance, media, volunteering, academic societies and intercultural engagement; providing a wide range of fantastic social spaces; leading on student democracy and representation across UCL; and offering excellent student support services.
It's an exciting time to join our growing organisation as we lead the delivery of UCL’s groundbreaking new Student Life Strategy. This is enabling us to build more programmes to improve students’ mental and physical wellbeing, promote genuine equity for all, build students’ skills and confidence, develop their international connections and intercultural skills, and make a real contribution to our local community.
We support hybrid working. Excellent benefits including defined benefit pension scheme and generous holiday entitlement. We are proud of high levels of staff engagement and pride ourselves on being a great place to work. We will consider applications to work on a flexible and job share basis wherever possible. This role is based at our Bloomsbury campus with work across various football facilities across London.
The role is a full time and fixed term contract until 31 December 2026. This role is based at our Bloomsbury campus with flexibility to work from home on a 40/60 basis (40% working from the office). The role will involve some evening and weekend work to support event delivery. We will consider applications to work on a part-time, flexible, and job share basis wherever possible.
We are looking for a UCL200 Events and Programme Coordinator to play an important role in supporting the celebrations of UCL's 200th anniversary through high-quality event delivery, excellent project management and careful relationship building.
Do you have experience delivering large scale events to an exceptional standard? Are you looking for a unique opportunity to flex your skills and create a historic celebration during a milestone year for UCL? If the answer is yes, then we want to hear from you.
Our ideal candidate will have experience supporting complex events or programmes, strong project management skills and will be comfortable managing multiple stakeholders to unite in a shared goal.
An outstanding experience for all UCL students and to be one of the best students’ unions in the UK and the world.


The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
FearFree delivers services across the Southwest for victims, children and perpetrators of domestic abuse, sexual violence and stalking with the aim to break the cycle of abuse and support all to live free from fear. We provide trauma responsive support, and this post will be fundamental to ensuring service users, stakeholders and partners experience this in our daily delivery.
Based within the Wiltshire Domestic Abuse Service, the IDVA team works within a multi-agency system to provide a trauma responsive, person centered independent service for victims of domestic abuse, empowering choice through informed decision making. You will hold a case load of high-risk victims, working proactively to support them and their families.
FearFree is committed to flexible and hybrid working and this role will be a mix of home based and office based, alongside requiring travel for multi-agency meetings and other deliverables.
Key Responsibilities
- Provide a high-quality service to those at the highest risk.
- To provide practical and emotional support to service users, working jointly with them to carry out, implement and review needs assessments and support plans.
- To understand and work effectively within a multi-agency framework, consisting of the MARAC and local partnership responses to domestic abuse, in order to reduce the risk for service users and their families.
- Identify and assess the risks and needs of service users using an evidence-based risk identification checklist.
- Work with high-risk service users to help them access services, to keep them and their children safe.
- Advocate for high-risk service users with agencies who can help to address the domestic abuse.
- Understanding the role of all relevant statutory and non-statutory services available to service users and how your role fits into them.
- Providing information to service users in relation to legal options, housing, health and finance.
- Develop and maintain working relationships with all key agency partners to address the safety of high risk service users ensuring their needs are met and safety plans are coordinated particularly through the MARAC.
- Manage a case load ensuring each person receives the appropriate support, tailored to their needs.
- Support the empowerment of the service user - assisting people to recognise the features and dynamics of domestic abuse present in their situation, and help them regain control of their lives.
- Support service users to maintain existing accommodation and to advocate on their behalf, in order to access accommodation and additional support.
- To recognise, respect and address the needs of service users who face barriers when seeking help to access the service, including those from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds, LGBTQIA+ communities, disabled people, those with complex needs and other groups which services have found difficult to reach.
- Provide practical and emotional support in relation to criminal and civil remedies, housing, health, education, employment, welfare benefits, counselling, legal aid and children’s support.
- Accompany service users, when needed, to other relevant agencies and support them in their interactions with these agencies.
- Respect and value the diversity of the community in which the services work in, and recognise the needs and concerns of a diverse range of survivors ensuring the service is accessible to all.
General Responsibilities
- Live and embody the FearFree values.
- To promote the service to external agencies where applicable.
- Give information and support to service users regarding their other needs and refer them to other support services as required.
- Ensure our service is widely accessible – adapting practice as required to suit individuals.
- Work across a large geographical area to ensure locality is not a barrier to accessing services.
- Deliver training and information sessions to promote our service, and increase awareness and understanding of domestic abuse, sexual violence and stalking for victims and those who harm.
- Have a responsibility around safeguarding of both adults and children, maintaining knowledge of appropriate policies and procedures and integrated working.
- Support other agencies in the identification and referral of domestic abuse, sexual violence and stalking issues via promotion of service and institutional advocacy.
- Ensure all referrals are clearly logged on our database and all case records are kept fully updated, according to FearFree policies and procedures.
- Engage with case management supervision, reflective practice and clinical supervision as required, taking an active role in managing own wellbeing and supporting the wellbeing of your colleagues.
- Support colleagues in all services across FearFree as required.
- Support the sustainability of the organisation by participating in fundraising activities and sharing ideas and contacts for income generation.
- To engage in and contribute to effective team working with a flexible and pro-active approach, including cover for other team members’ holidays and sickness.
- Undertake all statutory and mandatory training, as required by the organisation.
Application
To apply, please download the full job description/person specification along with the application and equality monitoring forms. Please send the completed application form and optional equality monitoring form direct to FearFree.
There is no specific closing date for this role and this vacancy will close once a suitable candidate is found, so early applications are encouraged.
For information about the processing of your personal data at FearFree, please visit our website.
FearFree is committed to encouraging equality and diversity in the workplace. We strive to be a diverse and inclusive place to work where we can all be ourselves and individual differences are recognised and valued.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
Since 2013, FarmAbility has been supporting learning disabled and autistic adults in Oxfordshire, running an outdoor day service for co-farmers (our participants), across multiple sessions each week throughout the calendar year on various farm and garden sites. Currently we work with over 65 people each week. When our co-farmers come to us they get involved in a wide range of purposeful, real-life farm and nature-based tasks. Co farmers also have the opportunity to socialise with others and form friendships. There are always new people to meet and lots of opportunities to interact with others from all sorts of backgrounds at a FarmAbility day.
Role description:
This role will support FarmAbility in developing our fundraising capacity. Currently, the majority of this work is carried out by the CEO and we are looking for an experienced fundraiser to support with the creation and delivery of a fundraising strategy, and with the practical work of submitting grant applications and stewarding current and potential new donors. Together with the CEO the Fundraising Officer will develop a comprehensive Fundraising Strategy for the charity incorporating major donors, trust & foundations, corporate support and community fundraising. The postholder will be engaged with our mission and eloquent in their expression of our work and its impact to external audiences. They will work closely with our Impact team to present our outcome messaging to funders and will also work closely with our Communications & Events Officer (C&EO) to plan and deliver community-based fundraising activities for our supporters to engage in, helping to deliver online and social media focused campaigns and community events.
We are open to this role operating largely remotely with a hybrid workplace for the right candidate, with the expectation of a regular in person presence on site to understand our work, connect with the team and meet our wider community of participants and supporters at events and celebrations. This is a multi-faceted role, with opportunity to grow and develop. You’ll work with colleagues across the organisation. FarmAbility is a warm and friendly place to work and we put a lot of store on creating strong team relationships and a flexible, accommodating work environment. All staff share our goal of a more inclusive society and a determination to enable co-farmers to achieve positive outcomes and experiences within our service.
Role responsibilities:
Trusts and Foundations:
• Work with the CEO to prepare, write, and submit high-quality grant applications, ensuring they meet the requirements and deadlines of funders.
• Maintain and develop relationships with existing trust and foundation supporters by providing regular updates, face to face meetings and site visits as appropriate.
• Work closely with the CEO and Impact team to gather relevant data for funding applications and ensure accurate reporting on project outcomes.
Individual Donors:
• Work with the CEO and C&EO to develop a regular giving scheme, enabling people to offer a regular gift to FarmAbility and establishing a reliable donation stream.
• Ensure prompt communication with ad hoc donors, including thank you letters, progress updates, and invitations to events as appropriate.
• Maintain accurate records of donor interactions, gift history, and personal preferences using the organisation’s CRM system. Events and Community
• Support the Communications and Events Officer (C&EO) to organise and execute fundraising events (e.g., sponsored challenges, ticketed events) to engage community donors and generate income.
• Collaborate with the C&EO to promote fundraising events through social media, newsletters, and other marketing channels.
• Collaborate with the C&EO to develop engaging fundraising materials, such as newsletters, social media posts, and donor case studies.
Financial and Administrative:
• Work with the finance team to manage budgets for events and initiatives, ensuring targets are met and expenses are controlled.
• Support the Finance Lead, CEO and Treasurer to monitor and report on income received from trusts, foundations, and individual donors- including Gift Aid, ensuring that all income is correctly allocated.
• Prepare regular progress reports for the CEO, board of trustees, and funders as required.
Collaborative Working:
• Attend networking events, conferences, and meetings with funders and donors to represent the organisation and develop new opportunities.
• Work collaboratively and communicate effectively with all colleagues in the team to ensure the successful delivery of our programmes. Respond promptly and appropriately to daily, weekly, monthly team communications.
• Take on additional responsibilities appropriate to the post as required (for example when new projects are implemented within FarmAbility).
• Take part in FarmAbility community events and carry out roles to plan, deliver and review these activities as required in collaboration with the whole team.
We believe in a society where everybody with a learning disability has a meaningful occupation, and where their contribution is recognised and valued.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
Using Anonymous Recruitment
This organisation is using Anonymous Recruitment to reduce bias in the first stages of the hiring process. Submit your application as normal and our system will anonymise it for you. Your personal information will be hidden until the recruiter contacts you.
Are you a good all-rounder in fundraising, including a background in Foundations and Trusts? Can you inspire and motivate donors and fundraisers?
If so, then join an ambitious organisation with a determination to transform the future for the 220,000 people in the UK living with axial spondyloarthritis.
We are a small team, looking for a second Fundraising Officer to work alongside our existing Fundraising Officer to deliver activity across all our income streams, supported by a Fundraising Board. We’re aiming to grow income from individual giving, Trusts and Foundations, community and individual fundraising, trading and further build our community of legacy pledgers. 2026 is our 50th Anniversary, a wonderful opportunity to celebrate our achievements and grow our income.
Our dedicated team at NASS is passionate about transforming lives for people with axial SpA. We truly value our people, who do meaningful work that directly impacts the lives of people living with axial SpA. You'll be supported to succeed and genuinely appreciated for your contributions. We pride ourselves on our collegiate spirit and willingness to support each other in all aspects of our work. We operate a hybrid model of working, with some staff working remotely for most of the time, so applicants need to be comfortable with working in this way.
The Benefits
· Salary up to £30,000 - £32,000 p.a.
· Employer pension contribution of 10%
· 25 days annual leave plus 3 days leave between Christmas and New Year, plus Bank Holidays
· Time off in Lieu scheme
· Death in Service benefit to loved ones
If this sounds like you, then please get in touch. We would love to hear from you.
To apply, please submit:
- Your CV
- A two-page cover letter explaining your interest in the role – the letter must describe how your skills and experience meet the person specification.
Application Deadline: 10 am on 6th January 2026.
Interviews: 15th January at our office in Hammersmith.
For further information, and to submit your application, contact Dale Webb
Commitment to equality, diversity & inclusion: NASS is proud to welcome everyone. We aim for a truly inclusive culture with talented, diverse teams that represent a variety of backgrounds, perspectives, and skills. We celebrate difference and individuality and encourage everyone to join us and be their whole selves always. We particularly encourage applications from individuals with lived experience of axial SpA and from underrepresented groups in the charity sector.
Transforming axial SpA futures, creating a social movement for change and an empowered community.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
At Hestia, we are guided by our core values and are dedicated to fostering an equitable, diverse, and inclusive organisation. Our mission is to empower individuals to rebuild their lives and achieve independence. Right now, we are looking for a Supported Housing Worker to play a pivotal role in our Criminal Justice Service in Bromley.
Sounds great, what will I be doing?
The role involves providing comprehensive support to service users in accommodation-based services, particularly those with complex needs such as substance misuse, homelessness, and offending histories. Key responsibilities include building positive, professional relationships with service users, supporting them to manage their tenancies, and working towards sustainable independence. Staff are expected to assess individual needs using organisational tools, guide users in developing tailored support plans, and assist them in achieving personal goals, including moving on to more independent living arrangements.
In this position, the emphasis is on empowering service users to improve various aspects of their lives. This includes encouraging them to take responsibility for their health, finances, and behaviour, and supporting their access to necessary services such as healthcare, substance misus
e treatment, and mental health support. The role also involves motivating service users to engage in activities that promote wellbeing and helping them access opportunities in education, training, volunteering, and employment, thereby improving their financial security and life prospects.
The position requires a collaborative and proactive approach, working closely with other professionals, agencies, and colleagues to provide coordinated support. Staff are expected to contribute to service development, maintain accurate and confidential records, and demonstrate a commitment to professional standards and continuous improvement. Flexibility, resilience, and a positive attitude toward change are essential, as is the ability to represent the organisation effectively in interactions with external stakeholders and to contribute to the promotion of its values and service standards.
What do I need to bring with me?
You'll need to be able to demonstrate the core skills this role requires as well as match our values and mission. You don't have to tick all the boxes right away; the important thing is that you're willing to learn. We also value lived experience of the areas we support, so if you feel comfortable, please do mention this on your application.
Joining Hestia means more than just a job; it's an opportunity to be part of something bigger. We offer a supportive, inclusive and resolution driven work environment where your contributions are recognised and valued. As a member of our team, you will have the chance to grow both personally and professionally while making a lasting impact on the lives of those we serve.
Here's what the team will be looking for
The ideal candidate will be committed to developing positive, supportive relationships with service users who have complex needs such as homelessness, substance misuse, and a history of offending. They will be adept at using strengths-based and person-centred approaches to help individuals maintain independence and work toward personal goals, especially around securing and sustaining accommodation. A strong understanding of assessment tools and key-working practices is essential, as is the ability to help service users identify their strengths, manage daily responsibilities, and plan for positive move-on, particularly into private sector housing.
The role demands someone who can empower service users to take control of their wellbeing, including addressing substance misuse, managing finances, and engaging in mental and physical health services. The candidate should also be able to support service users in accessing opportunities that enhance their financial and personal development, such as employment, training, and volunteering. Effective liaison with other professionals and agencies is critical to delivering coordinated support, and the ability to advocate for service users during case conferences and care planning is a key aspect of the role.
The person must be a proactive and collaborative team player who upholds high professional standards and contributes to service improvement. They should demonstrate resilience, a willingness to adapt positively to change, and a commitment to promoting the organisation's aims. Strong administrative skills, confidentiality, and timely record-keeping are crucial. Additionally, the ability to build external relationships and represent the service effectively with key stakeholders and commissioners is essential to support the broader aims of the organisation.
Interview Steps
We keep our interview process simple, so you know exactly what to expect.
Shortlisting call: We have a team of dedicated recruitment specialists who will speak to you about your experience, motivations and values. They will also tell you about all the great work we do!Face to face interview: Now you will have face to face interview with the hiring manager. Our interviews are value and competency based.Don't be alarmed if there are other stages in the process, it's all part of the plan for some of our roles.
Our commitment to Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion
Our services users come from all walks of life and so do we. We hire great people from a wide variety of backgrounds because it makes us stronger. We are committed to creating and maintaining a diverse and inclusive workforce and value the skills, abilities, talent and experiences, different people and communities bring to our organisation.
We are a disability confident employer
Hestia is proud to be a disability confident employer, dedicated to the employment and career development of individuals with disabilities. We offer a guaranteed interview scheme for all applicants with disabilities who meet the minimum criteria for the role they have applied for. We also provide reasonable adjustments during the selection and interview process, and throughout your employment with us.
Safeguarding Statement
Hestia is committed to safeguarding and promoting the welfare of adults, children and young people who are potentially at risk, and we therefore expect all staff and volunteers to do the same. We require all staff to undertake internal and external safeguarding training throughout their employment with Hestia.
Actively Interviewing
This organisation is scheduling interviews as applications come in. They're ready to hire as soon as they find the right person. Don't miss your opportunity, apply now!
Why this role exists
We deliver practical legal support that changes lives. To grow responsibly, we need a COO to build operational excellence and keep systems ready to scale.
What you will lead
• Financial leadership — Build, manage and monitor the annual budget; lead forecasting and cashflow; produce reports; oversee accounting, payments, payroll and invoicing; maintain strong controls and compliance; track restricted funds; support grant bids and donor reporting.
• Day-to-day operations — Maintain efficient systems across casework, admin and volunteers; design policies, SOPs and QA; oversee IT, digital tools and case management; ensure GDPR-compliant data handling; lead operational responses to risk and regulation.
• Strategy and organisational development — Work with the Executive Director on strategy; lead service development, scaling projects and national expansion; improve volunteer pathways, client experience and internal processes; provide data-driven insight for the Board.
• People, volunteers and HR — Support recruitment, onboarding and retention; develop clear HR processes and documentation; ensure supervision, wellbeing and safeguarding frameworks.
• Governance, risk and compliance — Manage risk registers and mitigation plans; lead internal audits and quality reviews; prepare Board papers; ensure compliance with legal, regulatory and charity requirements.
You’ll thrive here if you show
• Ownership and follow-through: you take responsibility and land the work.
• Planning under pressure: you bring order, rhythm and clarity.
• Bold, informed judgement: you improve systems based on evidence, not habit.
• Entrepreneurial drive: you simplify, standardise and scale what works.
• Inclusive practice: you design operations that are easier to use and safer to deliver.
• Clear communication: you turn complexity into simple actions and updates.
• Team-building and collaboration: you help staff and volunteers succeed together.
• Constant learning: you refine processes and leave usable documentation.
What you will bring
• Significant operational leadership in a non-profit, legal, community or mission-driven setting.
• Strong financial management across budgeting, forecasting, reporting and controls.
• Ability to build robust systems in a small but scaling organisation.
• Strategic, organised and analytical working style.
• Confident people leadership and clear communication.
• Understanding of governance, safeguarding, risk and regulatory compliance.
• Commitment to trans equality, dignity and client-centred practice.
Helpful extras
• Experience in legal services or legal operations.
• Managing grants or donor-funded programmes.
• Experience scaling an organisation or building new infrastructure.
• Knowledge of trans community needs and support services.
Practicalities
• Hours: part time, with occasional evenings or weekends around live moments.
• Location: Central London base with sensible hybrid flexibility.
• Reporting line: Executive Director.
• Salary: based on experience and time commitment.
The Co-Founders Mindset
We are building a trans rights revolution at the Trans Legal Clinic. We deliver work that changes outcomes for people, case by case and system by system. That calls for a particular mindset. We call it the co-founder mindset. Co-founders take the mission personally, set the pace, turn ideas into working services and campaigns, bring others with them, and make change you can point to. Co-founders are entrepreneurial: they spot openings others miss, move decisively, and create momentum. Co-founders build teams, drawing in volunteers who believe in our mission, care deeply about our clients, enjoy working with us, and keep one another going. Co-founders are bold: they are willing to innovate, to be first, and to change the status quo; they check the source, avoid assumptions, solve problems, make firm, collaborative, evidence-based decisions, and take responsibility for results. Co-founders are pioneers. If you want responsibility, pace, and the chance to pioneer new routes to justice and public impact, this is the place to build your career.
Our Recruitment Criteria
Ownership and follow-through
You are a self-starter who owns tasks and takes responsibility without waiting to be asked. You carry your work through to a tangible result. You define the problem, set a course, keep the right people informed, and deliver what you said you would.
Bold, informed judgement
You are willing to change accepted practice when the evidence supports it. You check primary sources rather than rely on assumptions, weigh real options and risks, make a clear, evidence-based, collaborative decision, and stand behind it.
Entrepreneurial drive
You spot openings other people miss and turn ideas into useful services, processes or campaigns. You move decisively and get others working on the plan alongside you with clear roles and timelines.
Planning under pressure
You keep priorities straight when time is tight. You organise people and tasks, set simple checkpoints, communicate early when plans shift and always deliver.
Inclusive practice
You design work that is easier for others to take part in with people who face barriers in mind. You identify what is getting in the way, make practical changes that remove those barriers, and check the effect with the people involved.
Clear communication
You write and speak in plain English and adjust tone and detail to suit clients, volunteers, partners and the public. You choose the right format for the moment and make it easy for people to act on what you say. You like feedback, don’t get offended and see it as a chance to improve.
Team-building and collaboration
You bring people with you and help groups perform well together. You draw in volunteers who believe in the mission and care about our clients, set shared expectations, handle disagreements well, and leave relationships stronger.
Constant learning
You improve your own practice and the system around you. You reflect honestly on what worked and what did not, learn quickly, and turn that learning into simple tools or habits that make future work better.
• Team-building and collaboration: you lead creatives and volunteers well.
• Constant learning: you test, measure and iterate.
What you will bring
• A strong portfolio showing strategy-led creative across static, motion and copy.
• Three or more years in creative communications or campaigns (agency, newsroom, charity or in-house).
• Confident in Adobe Creative Cloud and either Figma or similar; comfortable with short-form video editing and basic motion.
• Platform literacy across Instagram, LinkedIn, TikTok and YouTube, and working knowledge of analytics and paid promotion.
• Clear writing and an ear for tone; calm leadership and useable feedback.
• Sound judgement on reputation, privacy, GDPR and consent.
• Commitment to trans-led practice and the communities we serve.
Helpful extras
• Clinic or not-for-profit experience.
• Familiarity with gender recognition, healthcare advocacy, discrimination, housing and employment.
• Basic SEO and email automation.
Practicalities
• Hours: full time, with occasional evenings or weekends around live moments.
• Location: Central London base with sensible hybrid flexibility.
• Salary: £25,000.
• Reporting line: Executive Director.
The Co-Founders Mindset
We are building a trans rights revolution at the Trans Legal Clinic. We deliver work that changes outcomes for people, case by case and system by system. That calls for a particular mindset. We call it the co-founder mindset. Co-founders take the mission personally, set the pace, turn ideas into working services and campaigns, bring others with them, and make change you can point to. Co-founders are entrepreneurial: they spot openings others miss, move decisively, and create momentum. Co-founders build teams, drawing in volunteers who believe in our mission, care deeply about our clients, enjoy working with us, and keep one another going. Co-founders are bold: they are willing to innovate, to be first, and to change the status quo; they check the source, avoid assumptions, solve problems, make firm, collaborative, evidence-based decisions, and take responsibility for results. Co-founders are pioneers. If you want responsibility, pace, and the chance to pioneer new routes to justice and public impact, this is the place to build your career.
Our Recruitment Criteria
Ownership and follow-through
You are a self-starter who owns tasks and takes responsibility without waiting to be asked. You carry your work through to a tangible result. You define the problem, set a course, keep the right people informed, and deliver what you said you would.
Bold, informed judgement
You are willing to change accepted practice when the evidence supports it. You check primary sources rather than rely on assumptions, weigh real options and risks, make a clear, evidence-based, collaborative decision, and stand behind it.
Entrepreneurial drive
You spot openings other people miss and turn ideas into useful services, processes or campaigns. You move decisively and get others working on the plan alongside you with clear roles and timelines.
Planning under pressure
You keep priorities straight when time is tight. You organise people and tasks, set simple checkpoints, communicate early when plans shift and always deliver.
Inclusive practice
You design work that is easier for others to take part in with people who face barriers in mind. You identify what is getting in the way, make practical changes that remove those barriers, and check the effect with the people involved.
Clear communication
You write and speak in plain English and adjust tone and detail to suit clients, volunteers, partners and the public. You choose the right format for the moment and make it easy for people to act on what you say. You like feedback, don’t get offended and see it as a chance to improve.
Team-building and collaboration
You bring people with you and help groups perform well together. You draw in volunteers who believe in the mission and care about our clients, set shared expectations, handle disagreements well, and leave relationships stronger.
Constant learning
You improve your own practice and the system around you. You reflect honestly on what worked and what did not, learn quickly, and turn that learning into simple tools or habits that make future work better.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.