Major donor and corporate fundraising manager jobs
Actively Interviewing
This organisation is scheduling interviews as applications come in. They're ready to hire as soon as they find the right person. Don't miss your opportunity, apply now!
Orphans In Need is the UK’s leading charity dedicated to supporting orphans and widows. We’re looking for a Head of Fundraising to lead our Philanthropy, Corporate, Institutional, and Community Fundraising teams.
What you'll lead:
✔️ Major Donors & High-Value Philanthropy
✔️ Strategic Corporate Partnerships
✔️ Institutional and Trust Funding
✔️ Community Fundraising Networks across the UK
You’ll bring strong leadership, excellent relationship-building skills, and a passion for making a difference. If you understand Muslim donor motivations and thrive in a values-led environment — we want to hear from you.
Why join us?
- Be part of a respected, mission-driven charity.
- Lead high-impact fundraising strategies.
- Work with a passionate and inclusive team.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
The Epilepsy Research Institute is seeking a dynamic and strategic Head of Fundraising to lead our income generation efforts and help drive our mission forward. This is a unique opportunity to play a pivotal role in securing sustainable funding to support world-leading epilepsy research.
With a proven track record in fundraising, you will develop and implement a comprehensive strategy across multiple revenue streams, including corporate partnerships, trusts and foundations and major donors. With a minimum of three years’ experience in a senior fundraising role and demonstrable success in securing significant funding, your ability to cultivate and manage donor relationships, craft compelling funding proposals, and oversee high-impact fundraising campaigns will be key to our success.
Our mission is to radically advance research into the causes, prevention and treatment of epilepsy and associated conditions. If this is something that interests you, and you have the skill set we are looking for, we look forward to hearing from you.
Application is by way of a CV and covering letter which highlights why you are interested in the role and how your experience fits the needs of the Institute as set out in the job description.
Closing date: Wednesday 28 May 2025
Interview dates: Wednesday 11 June and Wednesday 18 June 2025
To radically advance research into the causes, prevention and treatment of epilepsy and its associated conditions.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
Actively Interviewing
This organisation is scheduling interviews as applications come in. They're ready to hire as soon as they find the right person. Don't miss your opportunity, apply now!
As a skilled and motivated fundraising professional you will help to grow income across trusts, foundations, individuals, legacies, and corporate giving. This is a fantastic opportunity to join a committed team and play a vital role in supporting the Historic Dockyard’s charitable work.
You’ll be responsible for researching and approaching funders aligned with our goals, writing compelling proposals, and developing lasting relationships with supporters. Working closely with the Development and Impact Manager and other departments, you’ll help secure funding for both specific projects and core work, ensuring impact is clearly measured and shared.
The role includes developing and delivering individual giving initiatives, supporting legacy campaigns, and identifying sponsorship and partnership opportunities with companies. You'll also contribute to monitoring major grants and support larger fundraising campaigns as needed.
We are seeking an individual with excellent communication skills, previous experience of bid writing and operating giving campaigns within the charitable sector, experience in income generation, and a proactive, collaborative approach. Strong writing, attention to detail, and the ability to manage multiple priorities are essential.
How to Apply
If you are interested in joining our team and wish to apply for this vacancy, please complete our application form and send it back to us along with a copy of your CV by Sunday 25th May 2025, 12pm.
Interviews are scheduled to take place w/c 2nd June 2025.
Please note, due to the volume of applications we receive, we are not able to contact all unsuccessful candidates.
We are an equal opportunities employer and committed to providing our employees with a work environment free from discrimination in which all can develop and thrive.
We acknowledge and value the benefits of a diverse workforce and welcome applications from people of all backgrounds and are committed to ensuring that our recruitment process is transparent, fair, and as inclusive as possible for all applicants.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
Using Anonymous Recruitment
This organisation is using Anonymous Recruitment to reduce bias in the first stages of the hiring process. Submit your application as normal and our system will anonymise it for you. Your personal information will be hidden until the recruiter contacts you.
Location: London, in office 3 days per week with occasional travel nationally - 2 days can be WfH
We bring the magic of cinema into NHS hospitals
MediCinema is a leading and growing UK charity with a mission to improve the wellbeing of patients, their families and carers through the magic of the shared cinema experience. We do this by building and running high specification cinemas in hospitals, bringing the magic of the silver screen to patients young and old, for free. Our work makes a direct and meaningful impact on the lives of people experiencing some of their most challenging times, and we are proud to work in close partnership with a growing number of hospitals to direclty benefit patient experience.
We have an ambitious growth plan in place for the charity to continue to maximise services at our current sites, to build new MediCinemas and expand services to new hospitals across the country ensuring nationwide reach and impact. This is an exciting time to join our dynamic charity and be a central part of our growth.
We are now looking to expand our Fundraising and Devlopment team in this newly created role. You will have relevant experience likely to have been gained over 1 to 3 years working in fundraising, supporter engagement, or a similar role within a charity or not-for-profit organisation. You must be confident using CRM systems such as Donorfy or similar, and in writing donor communications. Our team is passionate about the work we do and it is crucial that you have a genuine interest in the role fundraising plays in the charity sector as well as a resonance with our cause.
About the role
· Assist the Fundraising department in planning and delivering national and large-scale fundraising activities.
· Assist the Individual Giving Manager in the coordination and delivery of fundraising campaigns and initiatives including our annual Christmas Appeal, ensuring they are executed effectively and efficiently.
· Support the delivery of digital fundraising activities in line with the Fundraising Strategic Framework.
· Support the administration of the individual giving fundraising programme in collaboration with the wider team.
· Assist the Head of High Value and Individual Giving Manager to administer donor support communications.
· Ensure all donors are thanked in a timely manner via e-mail and letters and accurately recorded on our CRM.
· Maintain and update supporter and donor records within the CRM database ensuring they are accurate.
· Support the refinement of systems and processes to enhance donor experience.
· Serve as the first point of contact for Community Fundraising, including emailing and posting fundraising packs and providing fundraising guidance and advice.
· Maintain and develop our low to mid-level Trust and Foundation income, delivering applications and reporting using our Case for Support.
· Respond to general enquiries received over the phone and through the fundraising and general enquires inboxes.
· Liaise closely with colleagues across the charity to support the development of fundraising collateral and materials for fundraising activities.
If this sounds like the career challenge you have been looking for please take a look at the full application pack. We would love to hear from you.
Closing date for applications is 12pm on May 17th 2025. All applications will be anonymised.Please refer to the Recruitment Pack for application details.
We provide cinema experiences inside hospitals to support the emotional, physical and mental health of NHS patients.

The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
Hours: Full-time
Remuneration: Up to £72,000 (dependent on experience)
Duration: Permanent
Location: Manchester, UK (hybrid working available) with international deployment.
This position is based in the UK; applicants must have the legal right to work in the UK and provide relevant documentation upon request.
Do you have the strategic vision and leadership skills to drive fundraising growth and power humanitarian impact?
UK-Med is a frontline medical aid charity, born of the NHS and committed for over 30 years to ensuring that everyone can access the healthcare they need when crises or disasters strike.
We are seeking a Director of Fundraising to lead the strategic and operational development of our fundraising function, accelerating voluntary income growth to support the organisation’s development and expansion.
As a key member of our leadership team, you will drive a dynamic, effective fundraising programme, securing major gifts and partnerships, delivering impactful campaigns, and building strong supporter engagement. You will play a central role in ensuring our fundraising activity meets the highest standards of quality, compliance, and donor care, while contributing to the success of our overall organisational strategy.
If you are an experienced fundraising leader with a passion for humanitarian work and a proven track record of delivering significant income growth, we would love to hear from you.
We offer a competitive salary and benefits along with a friendly working environment and the opportunity to make a real difference through an important role in our humanitarian programming.
How to apply
We strongly recommend that you read the Candidate Information Pack - Director of Fundraising - April 2025 before applying for this role.
To apply, please submit a current CV and a supporting letter (2 pages) through our online jobs portal.
Your cover letter must include a detailed explanation of your suitability for this post with specific reference to the criteria in the person specification
Applications must be submitted no later than Thursday 15th May 2025
Applications for work in the UK can only be accepted from people with an existing right to work in the UK.
UK-Med is committed to safeguarding of our personnel and beneficiaries and has a zero-tolerance approach to sexual exploitation and abuse. We conduct thorough vetting before any appointment is confirmed.
UK-Med is committed to the principles of diversity, equality, and inclusion. We strive to provide an inclusive and supportive environment where employees feel respected and supported to be able to fulfil their potential.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
We have an exciting opportunity for a new member of staff to join Transport for All and support the delivery of our vision: Transport Justice for All Disabled People.
This role will lead on securing income from trusts and foundations for our projects and programmes. You will help to ensure that Transport for All remains financially sustainable, and can grow to meet the needs of our community. You’ll also drive cross-organisational use of the CRM database.
Importantly, you’ll understand how to communicate about a Disabled People’s Organisation without our community being stereotyped as ‘inspirational’ or ‘vulnerable’ – taking a social model approach and aligning with our organisational values.
We’re looking for someone with experience of broad-base fundraising, significant success in trusts and foundations fundraising, and skills and experience in databases.
About Transport for All
Transport for All is the disabled-led group breaking down barriers and transforming the transport system so disabled people can make the journeys we want, with freedom, dignity, ease and confidence. We work with our members to campaign for change, influencing governments, industry and the public.
Your responsibilities
1. Fundraising strategy (10% of time)
· Work with the CEO and Senior Leadership Team to set and deliver the fundraising strategy.
· Work across teams to identify opportunities to create projects and seek funding.
· Ensure all fundraising activities comply with legal and regulatory requirements.
· Report regularly to the Finance Committee and Board.
2. Trust and foundations fundraising (60% of time)
· Work with the Senior Leadership Team to identify projects and core costs for funding and develop realistic budgets.
· Craft compelling applications to secure funding.
· Develop and maintain strong relationships with key funders.
· Work across teams to ensure continuation funding for existing projects and costs where needed.
· Manage grants from existing trusts and foundations, ensuring grant requirements are met, and reports are on time, accessible and demonstrate impact.
· Manage the trusts and foundations pipeline, keeping up to date records at all times.
3. Database management (20% of time)
· Ensure the CRM supports funding monitoring purposes and staff can use it for this purpose.
· Continually champion and develop the CRM so that it is accessible to all staff and meets the requirements of all teams.
· Work with the Communications and Engagement team to put in place good stewardship of members, advice service users and other contacts via the CRM.
· Put in place supporter journeys that provide excellent stewardship.
4. Wider fundraising (10% of time)
· Explore, test and evaluate wider fundraising opportunities. This could include appeals, corporate fundraising, events, individual giving and legacy giving.
· Support the Training, Research and Consultancy team with bid and proposal writing on an ad hoc basis.
5. General (at all times)
· Undertake any other tasks, duties or projects which may arise from time to time which are in line with the general level of this post and as instructed.
· Undertake occasional evening and weekend work as required, and take responsibility for arranging time off in lieu with your manager.
· Line manage and supervise members, contractors and staff as required.
· Work within the Social Model of Disability.
· Work in adherence to Transport for All’s values and staff policies.
· Maintain confidentiality.
· Attend staff meetings as needed.
Skills
We’re looking for someone who:
· Has experience of fundraising, particularly from trusts and foundations, preferably including significant, multi-year grants
· Has strong research skills and enjoys identifying funders and their priorities
· Can construct realistic budgets and work with colleagues to craft project proposals
· Has a track record of securing funds for social justice causes
· Has excellent persuasive, value-based communication skills, both written and verbal
· Understands data protection and fundraising compliance and good practice
· Understands the potential for a good CRM to add value, and is confident about helping other team members to use a database to help their work
· Can manage a mixed workload with conflicting priorities
· Has strong organisational and time management skills
· Has a commitment to and understanding of the social model of disability, and disability justice
We particularly welcome applicants from disabled people. This explicitly includes those of us who are Deaf, neurodivergent, chronically ill, have a mental health condition, have age-related impairments, and people with both visible and non-visible impairments.
Transport Justice for disabled people.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
The Company seeks an experienced Income Generation and Fundraising Manager to join this dynamic and highly driven company to help us diversify and grow our income across corporate partnerships, individual giving, philanthropy and trusts and foundations.
This is a newly created part-time opportunity - for six months in the first instance, with the intention to be extended to two years plus - for an experienced, motivated and committed person who can develop and lead a strategy and delivery plan to realise our ambitions.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
Fundraising Manager
£50,799- £53,887 (+£ ILW of £3,299 to employees who live in London, plus 6% employers’ pension)
Home based / remote working, with occasional travel to Respect’s office in London
One-year fixed term, with possibility of extension subject to funding.
This is a brand new role.
Respect is a pioneering UK membership organisation in the domestic abuse sector.
It is an exciting time to be joining us. Respect will be celebrating 25 years in 2025. We have been through a period of growth over the last five years and are stronger than ever. We work closely with our members and sister organisations in the violence against women and girls sector, and we are proud of the practice expertise we have built over the last two and a half decades and of our pioneering projects and partnerships. Our key priority is to stop perpetrators of domestic abuse from causing harm, and we also have a role supporting male victims through our Men’s Advice Line.
We are seeking a Fundraising Manager to help us develop our fundraising programme and raise the funds we need to deliver the aims in our five-year strategy Stopping the Harm and ensure the ongoing sustainability of our organisation.
Our new Fundraising Manager will be flexible, creative and ambitious. We are looking for someone who is passionate about our cause, has a tried and tested, successful approach to diversifying income streams, and can bring our fundraising to life through effective framing and storytelling.
This is vital role which will sit within our Operations team. The post-holder will work closely with Respect’s Director of Operations and the Executive Leadership team (ELT) to develop and deliver our fundraising strategy with some administrative support from the Operations team.
Alongside traditional trusts and foundations, we are looking to expand our funding portfolio and are keen to explore new corporate partnerships and identify high net worth individuals. We recognise that success is not only achieving a fundraising target, but also about building new, strategic relationships. In this role, we will provide the space for the post holder to cultivate, prospect and steward new and existing funders.
We hope that you will be interested in joining us at this exciting time to work with us and make a real difference.
How to apply
Application in the format of CV and Supporting Statement.
Closing date: Midnight 18th May 2025
Interviews are scheduled for:
Week commencing Monday 26th May First round interviews
Week commencing Monday 2nd June Final interviews
Respect policy is to appoint at the first point on the salary scale.
Actively Interviewing
This organisation is scheduling interviews as applications come in. They're ready to hire as soon as they find the right person. Don't miss your opportunity, apply now!
We're looking for a passionate Marketing & Fundraising Executive to join our charity team and spearhead innovative strategies that will transform the lives of street dogs in Thailand.
Your role will be pivotal in representing and communicating everything Jai to Ministry of Sound Group partners, managing communications with our members, event partners, and other stakeholders, and keeping our website and blog vibrant and upto-date.
You will be developing marketing and fundraising strategies that inspire donors.
You'll support our Thai agency on public campaigns and the Regular Giving initiative, driving legacy programs that leave a lasting impact.
You will engage and retain one-off and regular donors through effective acquisition and stewardship, increasing donations and cultivating major donor relationships.
You'll oversee newsletters, website updates, and blog management and lead the Sponsor A Dog initiative, providing quarterly updates that will warm donors' hearts.
You will work to expand Jai’s presence on TikTok, YouTube, and other sites, leveraging your expertise in Google Ads and paid search. You will also maximize Jai’s corporate exposure through strategic LinkedIn postings.
Operationally, you'll develop and manage the CRM database, possess a solid understanding of WordPress and website SEO. Experience with Meta Business Manager and ad management would be ideal.
You will collaborate with The Ministry Marketing Manager on member communications and updates, supporting at events with enthusiasm and dedication.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
Actively Interviewing
This organisation is scheduling interviews as applications come in. They're ready to hire as soon as they find the right person. Don't miss your opportunity, apply now!
We’re growing our fundraising team! Here at Keech Hospice we know that raising more funds enables us to reach many more people in our community and we’re delighted that this has been recognised with a substantial investment into the team structure. You’ll be joining us at an exciting time for the team and the organisation, with a recent re-brand, a deep-dive into fundraising and the build of a new strategic plan for raising income - you could join a brilliant existing team to help us transform the way we fundraise and help us, help more.
Key Responsibilities:
- Creating, developing & implementing strategies to engage major gift donors to meet growing targets
- Drive the growth of major gift income through maximising relationships and events
- Leading projects ensuring timely delivery and alignment with strategy
- Work closely with wider Fundraising team and Marketing and Communications to deliver income growth
What We're Looking For:
- Excellent networking skills to build prospects and partnerships
- Excellent written and verbal communication skills with ability to engage and inspire
- High level proficiency in CRM
- Previous experience in charity sector and proven ability to secure large gifts
- Project management skills
- Strong understanding of charity sector and fundraising regulations
What we offer:
- A competitive salary and generous annual leave
- Ability to carry over your existing NHS pension scheme
- Healthcare scheme
- Free car parking and cycle to work scheme
- Career development and progression opportunities
- A caring, supportive and inclusive environment
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
We're looking for a talented Individual Giving Manager to join our small team. The role will be responsibile for the delivery of our excellent supporter stewardship, care and retention programmes, whilst driving fundraising growth.
The Individual Giving Manager will be responsible for the development and delivery of Women for Refugee Women’s (WRW) individual giving fundraising strategy, including through a variety of income streams such as regular gifts, High Net Worth giving, corporate support, events, and legacies; to develop and deliver WRW’s support engagement journey in order to generate income from individual donors and to develop strong and long-lasting supporter relationships; to oversee and develop our stewardship retention programme; and to contribute to WRW’s overall fundraising strategy and income generation.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
As Fundraising Grants Officer, you’ll play a vital role in securing funding from a variety of sources. Sitting within the Philanthropy team, you will contribute directly to our ambitious income targets by identifying and applying for grants and funding opportunities.
You’ll have excellent writing skills with an innate understanding of how effective verbal communication and writing skills can influence people’s decisions. This role offers the unique chance to gain hands-on experience in writing compelling grant applications, while also developing broader fundraising skills across trusts and foundations, major gifts, and corporate partnerships. It’s a fantastic opportunity for someone looking to grow in a dynamic and supportive team.
Drawing on your experience in fundraising, grant applications, grant-giving, or grant management you’ll play a key role in supporting our mission. This is an opportunity to grow professionally while making a meaningful contribution to our goal of advancing human health through medical research.
We would like to hear from you if you can demonstrate:
- Experience of undertaking research to identify and assess potential funding opportunities.
- Effective written communications with a persuasive writing style.
- Experience of successfully making or reviewing fundraising or grant applications in a charity. grant-giving organisation, research funding organisation or scientific setting.
- Strong research and analytical skills with excellent attention to detail.
- Working in an organised manner, managing deadlines effectively and responding flexibly to work priorities.
- IT literacy and experience in effectively using a CRM system for fundraising.
- Developing and managing effective working relationships with colleagues and external stakeholders.
We will offer a salary of between £29,000 and £34,000 depending on experience for a 36-hour week. Ideally you will be a full-time employee but we are happy to consider a part-time contract (min 0.8 FTE). This post will be offered as a permanent contract.
We value spending time working in-person to develop strong connections with each other and with our mission, so you will be based at our central London office for a minimum of three days a week (usually Monday, Tuesday, and Thursday) with the option to work remotely for the remainder.
At the Medical Research Foundation, we believe that diversity drives creativity and innovation. We are dedicated to promoting equality of opportunity, fostering fairness and inclusion, and creating an environment where everyone feels that they belong.
We especially welcome applications from individuals from minoritised groups, including those from Black, Asian, and minority ethnic backgrounds, disabled people, and members of the LGBTQI+ community.
The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.
Actively Interviewing
This organisation is scheduling interviews as applications come in. They're ready to hire as soon as they find the right person. Don't miss your opportunity, apply now!
Senior Philanthropy Manager
The Christie Charity is a vibrant, fast moving, energetic organisation with a passionate team and a fantastic reputation. We are looking for an experienced, dynamic senior philanthropy manager to join our philanthropy team. We require someone who has demonstrable experience in philanthropy fundraising or has strong transferable skills. It is desirable that you have experience in managing people as this role manages a philanthropy fundraiser.
As a Senior Philanthropy Manager, you will play a key role in maximising charitable income for The Christie Charity, through high-net-worth individuals by building with authentic, sustainable relationships.
We invite qualified candidates to apply by submitting their CV along with a cover letter detailing their relevant experience and why they are a great fit for this role.
Sue Ryder Wheatfields Hospice has an exciting opportunity for an experienced and self-motivated Fundraising Manager to join our ambitious Fundraising Team in our Leeds based hospice.
About us
Sue Ryder Wheatfields Hospice is located in Headingley, Leeds and provides expert palliative care and support for people who are living with a life-limiting condition, as well as supporting their families.
This is a very exciting time to join a motivated fundraising team who are ambitious to do more across Leeds and the wider area. Sue Ryder is one of the UK’s most recognisable charities and this role will give you exposure nationally as well as making an inspirational difference locally.
About you
You will have a proven track record of achieving fundraising growth and delivering income to target with a focus on corporate, community and events income streams and a robust understanding of budget setting and management.
Key Responsibilities
- Lead on the delivery of income to target through our key income streams, with a focus on driving corporate, community and event relationships.
- Manage direct line reports to deliver income and achieve KPIs.
- Champion and facilitate consistent and exceptional supporter care experience.
- Maintain high quality data on the Charity’s database.
- Effectively manage, acquire and develop supporter relationships across the community to meet objectives.
- Work with Head of Fundraising to build and manage a detailed fundraising budget, including income and expenditure.
Competitive Benefits Package
- 27 days holiday rising to 33 with length of service plus bank holidays (pro rata if part-time)
- Company pension scheme
- Staff discount with thousands of retailers
- Refer a Friend scheme - £250 payment
- Enhanced maternity, paternity and adoption pay
- Access to Employee support programme
- Employee Networks - LGBTQ+, Ethnic Diversity and Equality, People with Disabilities, Women and Non-Binary Individuals
- and lots more. Please visit our careers website for the full list.
Closing date: 20th May 2025
Interview date: w/c 2nd June
We actively encourage applications from people from all backgrounds to help us to provide the best possible experience for the people who use our services and continue to make Sue Ryder a great place to work, and attract and recruit the best, most diverse workforce possible. We are particularly interested in increasing applications from the global majority, LGTBQIA+ and people with disabilities as they are currently underrepresented in our organisation.
Please let us know if you have any feedback to make our recruitment processes more accessible and inclusive or if you require any adjustments made to your application or interview process
If you want more than just a job, we want you.
Join the team and be there when it matters.
Sue Ryder is here to make sure everyone approaching the end of their life or living with grief can access the support they need. There is no one size fits all when it comes to how we cope and the help we need, but with our support, no one has to face dying or grief alone. We are there when it matters.
Using Anonymous Recruitment
This organisation is using Anonymous Recruitment to reduce bias in the first stages of the hiring process. Submit your application as normal and our system will anonymise it for you. Your personal information will be hidden until the recruiter contacts you.
The Supporter Relationship Manager is responsible for all individual donor support processes, systems, strategies and individual giving fundraising appeals, which ensure we have excellent relationships with our donors to retain and grow our individual giving income.
Powerful narratives, storytelling and engagement with donors is crucial to ensure that our funding need and impact is shared with supporters.
The Supporter Relationship Manager will work with the Head of Fundraising and Deputy CEO to grow our major donor, regular giving, appeal and legacy income alongside sustaining our irregular giving and Gift Aid income. The Supporter Relationship Manager will line manage the Fundraising Assistant (FA), which is a new entry-level fundraising role responsible for the development and day-to-day administration of our community fundraising income stream for individuals and our corporate community.
Person Specification Essential knowledge, skills and experience:
- Three years+ experience of working in a supporter care fundraising role.
- Understanding of fundraising principles, relationship marketing and supporter care.
- Excellent written and verbal communication and interpersonal skills.
- High level copy writing skills.
- Experience of working with communications staff to support multi-channel fundraising campaigns.
- Ability to work on your own initiative.Well-organised and able to manage multiple projects simultaneously while meeting deadlines and targets.
- Good working knowledge of CRM databases and how to use them to steward supporters.
- Good knowledge of current data protection/GDPR regulation.
- Able to develop, initiate and maintain systems and procedures.
- IT literate with a working knowledge of Microsoft Office applications including Excel to sort and segment supporter data.
- A clear commitment to the ethos and strategic plans of FareShare South West, and able to positively contribute towards its achievement.
Our mission is a future where no food is wasted, and all people can thrive.





The client requests no contact from agencies or media sales.