Debt advice jobs

Join Citizens Advice Richmond as an Financial Resilience Navigator 

Citizens Advice Richmond is launching an exciting new project and seeks a passionate Financial Resilience Navigator to join our team. This rewarding role involves providing holistic support to vulnerable households across the Richmond Borough, helping them achieve greater financial sustainability.  

You will serve as a single point of contact, assisting clients with welfare benefits, income maximization, debt management, housing, and related issues. This role emphasizes connection, compassion, and coordination, requiring collaboration with various organizations and council services to ensure comprehensive client support. Key responsibilities include client advocacy, community outreach, case management, and stakeholder collaboration.

For more information and how to apply please see the job pack attached.

Start Date: Immediate Start

Deadline: Rolling – as soon as the position is filled 

Leeds Citizens Advice & Law Centre has been providing free and independent advice for more than 80 years, offering access to justice for people experiencing disadvantage or discrimination. In November 2024, we joined the Law Centres Network and have secured funding to expand our legal advice service.

We’re looking for a Solicitor or CILEx to supervise our housing advice team and legal aid contract. The team offers complex casework and representation to clients facing possession, eviction, serious disrepair and housing issues related to DAV and to anti-social behaviour. You will have 3 years’ PQE in housing law and be able to manage a wide range of cases, as well as experience of working under a legal aid contract, supervising caseworkers, and meeting targets.

Leeds Citizens Advice & Law Centre offers family friendly employment policies, 6.5% pension contribution and an Employee Assistance Programme. Hybrid working is available but this role will require at least 3 days per week in the office. Our modern offices are located in the city centre close to the combined courts and with excellent transport links.

If you’d like to join our friendly team working in an organisation that’s committed to social justice, you can find more information and application details on our website via the apply button.

Closing date for applications: 23 May 2025

Interviews: Applications will be reviewed as they arrive, and interviews may be conducted before the closing date. Therefore, early applications are strongly encouraged.

Job Purpose

This role sits within our new forensic Women’s Nova Roots service, which is a peer led service for women who are leaving forensic services, based in West London. The service will be open 3 days a week: one weekday evening out of hours and three weekends a month (flexible weekend pattern and times can be arranged).

The aim of the service is to support women who are leaving forensic care to re-integrate into society by offering a community social hub. The focus of the service is to provide social engagement, relaxation and a touch point for out of hours forensic support. The Women’s Hub will provide face-to-face holistic group support, offer psychoeducation and health workshops tailored and coproduced to the direct needs of clients, offer peer-led groups which will be co-designed and led by the clients accessing the hub. We will also offer a range of activities onsite.

Nova Roots will be an extension of the existing support offered by the Specialist Community Forensic Team (SCFT), offering out of hours social support. All referrals into the hub will be directly from the SCFTs and local hospitals.

The Nova Roots will be staffed with 1 part time Project Coordinator and 4 Forensic/Peer Led Volunteers – with Service Manager oversight. The Project Coordinator will work directly and closely with the SCFTs.

The Role

The role of the Nova Roots Project Coordinator is to arrange and coordinate a range of psychoeducation, health and peer-led workshops which will be delivered 3 times a week. The Nova Roots Project Coordinator will be responsible for managing the 4 peer-led volunteers and oversight of the site 3 days a week. The Nova Roots Project Coordinator will also be required to be in regular communication with the SCFTs.

The role will require hybrid working: onsite when the hub is open and 1 day of planning/coordination which can be worked remotely on a rota basis.

Key Responsibilities

• Providing a person centred and recovery orientated approach in all aspects of the roles and responsibilities.
• Promoting people’ rights and responsibilities
• Considering each person as an individual
• Working collaboratively with clients to understand their needs and developing flexible and realistic crisis support packages/person centred plans
• Understanding of safety planning
• Experience of working within forensic services
• Understanding and experience of challenges for forensic leavers (social, health, welfare, interpersonal)
• Experience with de-escalation, recognising and mitigating risks.
• Experience of working with those in crisis and challenging behaviour
• Listening to clients and encouraging positive steps towards self-management of crisis and recovery
• Understanding safeguarding adults and children processes and legal requirements
• Understanding of social issues such as debt, housing and welfare benefits
• Promoting people’ rights and responsibilities
• Providing advice, information, practical and emotional support to clients
• Proactively recognising the indicators of deteriorating mental health and facilitate appropriate action, whilst liaising with relevant agencies e.g., CATT, Emergency Duty Teams, CAMHS, Safe Space, SCFT etc
• Engaging with clients to show empathy, inspire hope and promote recovery
• Establishing supportive, empowering and respectful relationships with clients and carers/ family
• Maintaining accurate records, detailing interventions
• Ensuring that outcomes, outputs and impact are recorded
• Providing administrative and management support to the team
• Attend reflective practice, clinical supervision, peer supervision and line management supervision
• Create and maintain good working relationships with partner agencies
• Follow workplans
• Actively participate in training and development
• Provide and manage resources for clients and staff

Person Specification

• Minimum of 1 year working in forensic mental health services and with clients experiencing mental health distress, crisis and forensic/criminal backgrounds
• Experience of managing challenging behaviour and dealing with clients with complex needs
• Minimum 1 year of project coordination/management
• Experience of facilitating workshops/group sessions
• Experience of managing safeguarding risks and understanding legal requirements for safeguarding adults and children
• Evidence of continual professional development
• Understanding of the principles of trauma informed care
• Understanding of suicide prevention and safety planning
• Understanding of the relationship between mental health and social issues and how these issues may impact on physical, mental and emotional wellbeing
• Understanding of relevant legislation and policies
• Awareness of issues in mental health service provision
• A good understanding of mental health conditions
• Experience of working with vulnerable individuals
• Creative and flexible approach to working with individuals
• Ability to deal with stressful and difficult situations in a calm manner and de-escalate challenging situations
• Ability to prioritise and manage workload
• Ability to involve clients and carers in all aspects of work
• Empathy and non-judgemental approaGood communication skills
• Capacity to work within an agreed shift pattern
• Experience of delivering information and advice (housing, benefits, debt etc)
• Experience of non-clinical, therapeutic interventions like psychoeducation
• Good IT skills including Word, Outlook, Excel and PowerPoint, with proven ability to input and extract information and produce reports
• Car driver with sole ownership of a vehicle and willingness to travel to locations would be desirable.
• Ability to work out of hours, during the day and on weekends
• Staff within this role will be considered key workers, so in the event of a government lockdown, staff will be expected to continue working
• Experience of working with vulnerable individuals
• Creative and flexible approach to working with individuals
• Ability to deal with stressful and difficult situations in a calm manner and de-escalate challenging situations

This exciting new role is perfect for a candidate who wants to deliver an immediate impact in their work and is enthusiastic about bringing people long with them, through a combination of:

• On-the-day supervision to our paid and voluntary staff across various workstreams.
• Conducting case review of debt issues (supported by our Quality of Advice and Case Review team) to ensure a gold standard in the quality of our advice.
• Playing a leadership role in nurturing partnerships, such as with council officers and specialist debt charities, to support our debt advice work and create pathways for client solutions.
• Shaping our directory of services for debt advice by supporting our leadership team to identify key areas of debt advice, desired client outcomes, and the steps required to resolve those client issues.
• Design and deliver training on debt issues to both paid and voluntary staff, as well as to community stakeholders.
• Supervise and monitor volunteers carrying out a small amount of casework where the client’s issue is of sufficient complexity to warrant engaging your expertise.
• Guaranteeing compliance with Financial Conduct Authority rules and regulations.
• Leading on research and campaign issues relating to debt and identifying where we can make a difference locally through our advocacy and case studies.

Prospectus is passionate about supporting organisations close to the frontline, and few organisations have greater impact on lives than this one. 

Personal debt and its consequences have an enormous effect on individuals and families alike. Our client works with partners to provide budgeting advice and support to try and alleviate these difficulties, working with service users to prepare detailed financial statements and explore ways of maximising income and reducing outgoings. Advisers in this organisation negotiate with creditors directly on behalf of clients; set up manageable and sustainable repayment arrangements and provide full casework services.
 
You will be the interface for advisers to ensure documentation and tasks are completed in a timely manner for the clients you are supporting by liaising with your clients, advisors and partner organisations.  Effectively, you will hold the hand of clients who are finding their journey to debt relief a challenge with a mix of empathy and support, but also with comprehension of the system, and what actions the client needs to take.. 

You will empower and support financial literacy of clients and will ideally be qualified as a Connect Money Mentor (CMA) or equivalent, and will be able to demonstrate an excellent understanding of the welfare benefit system and have experience of advising customers on benefits.

At a personal level you will also need to demonstrate resilience and the ability to, understand and empathise with clients from diverse range of backgrounds and disadvantaged groups living in the community, in particular barriers faced by over-indebted and financially excluded communities. You will also need to demonstrate a high standard of numeracy and computer skills, specifically IT skills with a strong command of the Microsoft Office suite with an ability to understand and analyse complex financial and other numerical information.

Due to the nature of this role, a DBS check would be run on successful candidates.  Please note this is a full -time role, Monday-Friday, 35 hours per week based on site 2 days per week.

If you are interested, please apply with just your CV in the first instance (in Microsoft Word format). We are reviewing CVs on an ongoing basis, so it is highly recommended to submit your application as soon as possible. 

As a specialist Recruitment Practice Prospectus is committed to building inclusive and diverse organisations, and welcome applications from all sections of the community. Prospectus invests in your journey as a candidate and are committed to supporting you in your application.

We are recruiting a General Advice Officer to support with the delivery of advice and welfare support to vulnerable guests who access the Community Wellbeing Service, a local support hub offering relief from the rising cost of living for local families. The General Advice Officer will support our guests on a range of areas including benefits, immigration, housing, money management and access to training and employment services. The postholder will provide high quality welfare advice and guidance through weekly one-to-one advice sessions, undertake case work, work with partners to facilitate referrals, and provide support to advice volunteers. 

The successful candidate must have at least two years’ experience delivering effective advice or in a similar capacity, demonstrate empathy, an understanding of the issues facing vulnerable people, and have in-depth and up-to-date knowledge of welfare benefits and housing policies/legislations, with a strong focus on achieving tangible outcomes for our guests.

Advice Work

• Carry out assessments to identify urgent needs and appropriate support pathways for members at the Community Wellbeing Service.
• Support outreach or community engagement activities as needed.
• Provide holistic and person-centred advice and casework on the main enquiry areas, particularly welfare benefits, housing, employment, health and wellbeing, immigration and money management.
• Maintain Sufra’s Advice Quality Standards and meeting tangible outcomes.
• Produce detailed case records on our case management system for the purpose of continuity, statistical monitoring and report preparation
• Apply for funds from trusts and foundations to support individuals and families with essential costs such as housing deposits or white-goods and/or cancellation of debts;
• Develop and maintain good working relationships with external stakeholders for joined up working, including statutory and voluntary service providers, making referrals for guests where appropriate.
• Enable and support guests to act for themselves, wherever appropriate.
• Monitor the progression of all cases to the point of resolution.
• Conduct follow-up calls with guests where needed and track outcomes
• Support volunteers who are working on delivering Advice Services e.g triage volunteers and pathways volunteers
• Provide advice to the General Advice Service as and when required

Case Management

• Manage own caseload and work independently to support guests
• Use of Case Management System (AdvicePro) as well as Microsoft Office for communication and document production.
• Support with developing case studies and gathering guest feedback
• Collect statistical information as requested for reporting purposes.
• Feed into the development of monitoring reports for funders and other stakeholders

Other Responsibilities

• Maintain and update the charity’s record of referral and signposting agencies;
• Ensure data protection regulations are adhered to, and that sensitive data is handled in accordance with relevant legislation and organisational procedures.
• Keep informed of new and changing legislation relevant to the post, and of local issues and policies
• Be committed to the aims, procedures and policies of Sufra’s advice service in every aspect of service delivery.
• Take part in supervisions, personal development training, team meetings and appraisals
• Undertake any other reasonable duties to support the operations of the charity.

Make a real difference in the lives of D/deaf & disabled people in Islington.

At Disability Action in Islington (DAII), we are a user-led Deaf and Disabled People’s Organisation providing free, independent advice and advocacy. Our work is rooted in the social model of disability and focused on empowering people to overcome barriers, access their rights, and live independently.

We are looking for a compassionate and skilled Advice Worker to join our small, committed team. You’ll support disabled residents with advice and advocacy on key issues such as welfare benefits, housing, health, and social care—helping people navigate complex systems and secure the support they’re entitled to.

What you'll do

• Provide one-to-one advice and casework on a range of social welfare issues
• Support clients with applications, reviews, and appeals
• Advocate on their behalf with agencies such as the DWP, housing providers, and the council
• Keep clear case records and contribute to service improvement
• Work closely with the Advice Services Coordinator and wider team

What you'll bring

• At least 1 year’s experience in advice, advocacy or support work 
• Knowledge of welfare rights, housing, social care, and health systems
• Excellent communication and case management skills
• A client-centred, trauma-informed, relational and inclusive approach 
• Confidence working with people facing complex and multiple barriers

Why work with us?

• Be part of a values-led, user-led organisation rooted in community
• Deliver life-changing support in a role where your work is truly valued 
• Join a collaborative, supportive team with a strong sense of purpose

Prospectus is passionate about supporting organisations close to the frontline, and few organisations have greater impact on lives than this one. 

Personal debt and its consequences have an enormous effect on individuals and families alike. Our client works with partners to provide budgeting advice and support to try and alleviate these difficulties, working with service users to prepare detailed financial statements and explore ways of maximising income and reducing outgoings. Advisers in this organisation negotiate with creditors directly on behalf of clients; set up manageable and sustainable repayment arrangements and provide full casework services.
 
As a Specialist Debt Adviser you will hold a valid level 3 accredited qualification in Debt Advice (accredited through CMA, IMA, Wiser Adviser or similar) or alternatively Generalist Adviser certificate (Citizens Advice or similar), and Ideally a CertMAP.  You'll also have a thorough understanding of debt advice model with proven casework skills and experience of dealing with complex and challenging cases.  You will also have supervisory responsibilities which will cover training and development, monitoring from a compliance and quality perspective, and a strong coaching capability. 

You will have a minimum of 2 years of experience In providing comprehensive accredited debt advice.  Your experience in executing debt solutions such as (and not limited to) DMP, Bankruptcies, DRO, Breathing Space, Write Off, and undertaking income maximisation solutions such as charitable grants, issuing food and fuel vouchers, Uswitch checks and DHP and other benefit entitlement checks/referrals etc.

At a personal level you will also need to demonstrate resilience and the ability to, understand and empathise with clients from diverse range of backgrounds and disadvantaged groups living in the community, in particular barriers faced by over-indebted and financially excluded communities. You will also need to demonstrate a high standard of numeracy and computer skills, specifically IT skills with a strong command of the Microsoft Office suite with an ability to understand and analyse complex financial and other numerical information.

Due to the nature of this role, a DBS check would be run on successful candidates.  Please note this is a full -time role, Monday-Friday, 35 hours per week based on site 2 days per week.

If you are interested, please apply with just your CV in the first instance (in Microsoft Word format). We are reviewing CVs on an ongoing basis, so it is highly recommended to submit your application as soon as possible. 

As a specialist Recruitment Practice Prospectus is committed to building inclusive and diverse organisations, and welcome applications from all sections of the community. Prospectus invests in your journey as a candidate and are committed to supporting you in your application.

Prospectus is passionate about supporting organisations close to the frontline, and few organisations have greater impact on lives than this one. 

Personal debt and its consequences have an enormous effect on individuals and families alike. Our client works with partners to provide budgeting advice and support to try and alleviate these difficulties, working with service users to prepare detailed financial statements and explore ways of maximising income and reducing outgoings. Advisers in this organisation negotiate with creditors directly on behalf of clients; set up manageable and sustainable repayment arrangements and provide full casework services.
 
As a Trainee Debt Adviser you will be responsible for managing an ongoing debt caseload, whilst maintaining weekly client appointment targets. You will work closely with the other team members to meet funding and contractual targets, maintain quality standards and also maintain training and development targets.
 
You will provide comprehensive, full range of debt advice in line with Financial Conduct Authority and Debt Advice Quality Framework by using your interpersonal skills to explore, listen and understand complex problems as they affect each individual and tailor approach to advice accordingly.

The successful candidate will demonstrate a commitment understanding the debt advice model, developing  casework skills and build experience of dealing with complex and challenging cases in line with the provision of excellent in house training.

At a personal level you will also need to demonstrate resilience and the ability to, understand and empathise with clients from diverse range of backgrounds and disadvantaged groups living in the community, in particular barriers faced by over-indebted and financially excluded communities. You will also need to demonstrate a high standard of numeracy and computer skills, specifically IT skills with a strong command of the Microsoft Office suite with an ability to understand and analyse complex financial and other numerical information.

You will also be able to demonstrate at least six months experience of working with the public, and ideally in community/advice giving setting. Experience of gathering, providing and disseminating complex and sensitive information.

Due to the nature of this role, a DBS check would be run on successful candidates.  Please note this is a full -time role, Monday-Friday, 35 hours per week based on site 2 days per week.

If you are interested, please apply with just your CV in the first instance (in Microsoft Word format). We are reviewing CVs on an ongoing basis, so it is highly recommended to submit your application as soon as possible. 

As a specialist Recruitment Practice Prospectus is committed to building inclusive and diverse organisations, and welcome applications from all sections of the community. Prospectus invests in your journey as a candidate and are committed to supporting you in your application.

Are you motivated by empowering and assisting others? Could you help us achieve our goal of helping everyone find a way forward, whatever problem they face? 

North Yorkshire Citizens Advice & Law Centre is looking for enthusiastic individuals to join our advice team and make a real difference to their community. The role is office based only – this can be in any one of the following North Yorkshire offices: Northallerton, Scarborough or Selby.

As an Advice Trainee you will learn about all aspects of our service and develop skills to deliver high quality advice on debt, welfare rights, employment, housing, family and other legal issues. This will be delivered mainly via telephone but also via email and face to face. 

The successful applicant will have a positive attitude and desire to learn, excellent IT skills, and strong communication skills. You will need to have the ability to work on your own initiative and as part of a team. 

This role would suit someone who is passionate about achieving the best outcomes for clients and is committed to reducing the impact of the cost of living crisis. Advice experience is not essential and full training will be provided. Trainees usually become proficient in their roles within 12-18 months.

*We reserve the right to close this vacancy early, so please submit your application as soon as possible.

Senior Housing & Welfare Advice Worker’s post

The Manna Day Centre is a drop-in Centre for homeless and vulnerably housed single men and women. It is run by a team of project workers, under the Director, who are responsible for its smooth operation. Basic Services offered include food, showers, clothing, housing & welfare advice, medical care, and access to laptops. The Centre opens to service users 7 days a week, 8.30am– 1.30pm. The working week for this post is Monday to Friday, 9.00am to 4.00pm each day.

The Senior Housing & Welfare Advice Worker must have a commitment to homeless people, which includes acceptance and respect. Responsibilities are shared among the team according to needs, skills and aptitudes. The annual salary is negotiable (depending on your experience) ranging from £33,775 to £41,359. Benefits include a pension scheme, travel loans and 25 days annual leave (plus time in lieu of bank holidays worked).

Those applying for this post should have:

Ability to manage a team

Housing & welfare advice experience

Experience of undertaking housing & welfare casework

Ability to prioritise and manage a busy caseload.

Experience of working with homeless & vulnerably housed people.

The closing date for applications for this post is Sunday 8th June 2025.

Citizens Advice Rhondda Cynon Taf

Wales (Hybrid)

Salary £58,500 - £70,000 (based on experience)

Full-time

Permanent

Job description

Our cause never changes, Citizens Advice Rhondda Cynon Taf is here to make society fairer. We have a reputation for high quality provision of advice services, helping over 20,000 people last year.

As CEO, you are responsible for providing strategic leadership and direction for Citizens Advice Rhondda Cynon Taf, working collaboratively with the Board to shape the organisation’s strategy, direction, and policies and leading the Senior Management team.

Your role is to ensure the organisation maintains a strong focus on growth and sustainability, maximising opportunities for collaboration, service development, and delivery at both local and regional levels. You will work to build on Citizens Advice Rhondda Cynon Taf’s existing reputation as a truly influential force in the area, and beyond, fostering networks, alliances, and robust relationships with stakeholders and partners.

If you are interested in finding out more about this opportunity, please download the job pack attached for further information.

We deeply value our people and foster a supportive, socially just culture within a charitable environment. This role offers a rewarding remuneration package with excellent terms and conditions:

● Hybrid working offered

● A flexible 37 hour working week

● Pension scheme - employee minimum contribution of 5% and employer contribution of 4%

● Generous holiday entitlement

● Annual pay review

Closing Date: 19th May 2025

Provisional Interview Date: w/c 26th May 2025

Location: Pembroke Dock and Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire with home working and travel as required.

Hours: 37 hrs per week

Salary: £44,000 - £50,000 depending on experience and skills

Relocation costs:  up to £5,000

Hybrid working home and office working as required

Organisation size: currently 25 paid staff and 9 volunteers

Description

Do you enjoy helping people? Do you want to be part of a service that makes an impact on people’s lives?

Citizens Advice Pembrokeshire (CAP) are seeking a new Chief Executive Officer to lead the charity into the future following the retirement of our current CEO.

We are looking for an ambitious and talented candidate, to provide leadership, strategic vision, direction, and overall management to maximise delivery services and charitable aims and objectives

You will have a knowledge and understanding of the charity sector and knowledge, of the policy, and multi-agency environment in which the advice sector operates. You will have the ability to influence external change and to earn and maintain the trust of those people involved, especially funding bodies and key partner organisations.

You will also come with extensive experience of financial management and budgetary control, and a proven ability to generate income through fundraising and commissioning activities.

Our passionate team makes a real difference to people’s lives, providing essential advice on debt, housing, employment, benefits, and more. In 2024 alone, we helped 4,000 people with over 20,000 issues. Beyond empowering individuals, we also challenge unfair policies, and drive change through our research and campaigns work.

Please visit our site and look for Jobs and volunteering section for more information.

If you would like to apply for this position, please send your CV, covering letter and Monitoring Form to the email address on our website. 

The deadline for applications is Monday 31st May 2025 at 5pm. Interviews will take place in July.

Costs for attending interviews will be reimbursed.

Who we are:

Citizens Advice North East Lincolnshire (CANEL) was founded in 1939 providing

advice, information, guidance, advocacy and support to anyone who needs it in

North East Lincolnshire, which covers Cleethorpes, Grimsby and Immingham. We are an independent, self-funded charity, affiliated to the National Citizens Advice.

We advise on debt, welfare benefits, consumer, employment, housing/homelessness, immigration, legal issues, relationships and families, and any other issues our clients raise.

Debt and welfare issues account for 60% of the issues people raise.

Our work is local, working proactively and closely with other agencies within the borough, including the local authority, to share intelligence to improve people’s situation and take part in joint initiatives and projects with other local groups.

As part of the wider Citizens Advice Bureau’s national federation, we also share details of

issues affecting our community which are used to influence central government and

national campaigns.

The role:

We are looking for a passionate and dynamic Chief Executive to lead the charity through the next exciting chapter by managing the delivery of our Strategic plan.

Grimsby, Cleethorpes and Immingham is a very challenging area, yet is dynamic with a high national profile, You would be expected to play a major significant role within local community groups enhancing the area.

Key Responsibilities:

With the Board of Trustees, review the strategic plan and be accountable for delivering the

strategic plan, financial probity and securing the funds required to deliver the services.

Provide relevant and timely intelligence to the Board to ensure it maintains an overview of the Organisation and can make appropriate strategy, policy, and financial decisions.

Lead the team to ensure the Organisation achieves its objectives and delivers high quality, accessible and fully integrated advice services within the aims and values, mindful always of the specific needs of vulnerable and excluded groups.

Promote a culture of diversity and inclusion in line with our values and ensure our clients' needs are at the heart of all we do.

Represent the charity to our various partners, stakeholders, funders, and the media, developing and maintaining mutually beneficial relationships.

Ensure that the charity fulfils all legal, statutory, regulatory, and quality responsibilities.

Key Experience & Knowledge:

• An understanding of the voluntary and community sector (VCS),

• An understanding of the complex nature of the current funding environment, With a track record of successful income generation, through fundraising, funding bids and marketing activities

• Substantial leadership and management experience at a senior level in a Charity

• Track record of delivering key targets and managing change.

• Experience of managing people and the work of multi-disciplinary teams .

• Experience of developing and managing complex budgets

• Experience of commissioning, and managing contracts and project management.

• Experience of developing and nurturing partnerships and relationships

Key Skills

• Ability to create a positive working environment, empowering and motivating staff and volunteers

• Excellent communication skills, Proficient at producing clear verbal and written reports and funding bids

• A capability to work with Trustees on strategic planning, finance management,

• risk and governance. At the same time able to work on their own initiative.

• Ability to build and manage relationships with many and varied external organisations